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IIR document

CORRESPONDING STATES TREATMENT OF SATURATED LIQUID VISCOSITY OF SOME HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON REFRIGERANTS.

• Author(s) : SRINIVASAN K., KRISHNA MURTHY M. V.
• Publication date: 1985
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R23, R20, R115, R114, Halogen, Calculation, Methane, R500, R22, R21, R13b1, R13, R12, R11, R10, Ethane, Refrigerant, Methyl chloride
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 8 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

REFRIGERANT FLUIDS IN THE SATURATED LIQUID STATE: A GENERAL CORRELATION BETWEEN DYNAMIC VISCOSITY AND REDUCED TEMPERATURE.

• Author(s) : LATINI G.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R23, R20, R115, R114, Propylene, Isobutane, Halogen, Correlation, Butane, Methane, R32, R31, R22, R21, R152a, R13b1, R13, R12, R113, R11, R10, Propane, Ethylene, Ethane, Refrigerant, Methyl chloride
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

Enhancement of the separate sensible and latent cooling air-conditioning systems.

• Author(s) : LING J., KUWABARA O., HWANG Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2010/07/12
• Languages : English
• Source: 2010 Purdue Conferences. 13th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Experimental evaluation of separate sensible and latent cooling air-conditioning system integrated with desiccant wheel.

• Author(s) : KUWABARA O., LING J., HWANG Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2010/07/12
• Languages : English
• Source: 2010 Purdue Conferences. 13th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Optimization of cylindrical Halbach permanent magnet array dimensions for magnetic refrigeration.

• Author(s) : KURAL M. H., CELIK S., NAGESHWARAN S.
• Publication date: 2010/07/12
• Languages : English
• Source: 2010 Purdue Conferences. 13th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Experimental analysis of a Stirling refrigerator employing jet impingement heat exchanger and nanofluids.

• Author(s) : CELIK S., NAGESHWARAN S., BACHU K.
• Publication date: 2010/07/12
• Languages : English
• Source: 2010 Purdue Conferences. 13th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

ICR2007: CO2 in the limelight

Among the 876 papers presented at the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration in Beijing, 82 were on CO2 as a refrigerant or secondary fluid. Many dealt with new components for CO2, the lack of such components being currently still one of the...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

ICR2011 highlights: micro-refrigeration development

Micro-refrigeration development was one of the important themes of the IIR Congress in Prague.

• Publication date : 2011/12/15

ICR2011 highlights: carbon capture and storage (CCS) perspectives

During ICR2011, a complete session was devoted to carbon capture and storage (CCS). Berstad et al.(1) stressed that according to IEA, out of the targeted global annual CO2 emissions reductions – 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels –, CO2 CCS from...

• Publication date : 2011/11/16
• Subjects: Environment, General information

ICR2011 highlights: cooling particle detectors

Cooling systems for particle detectors attracted interest at the IIR’s Congress in Prague in August 2011. These highly specific applications have very strict requirements compared with standard cooling systems: refrigerants should be resistant to...

• Publication date : 2012/02/21

ICR2011 highlights: possibilities for micro-scale natural gas liquefaction

Due to increasing energy demand, interest in micro-scale natural gas liquefaction plants for the exploitation of stranded wells is growing. At ICR2011, a team from Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Italy, presented a paper describing and...

• Publication date : 2012/01/26

ICR2015:Trane exhibits chiller with new DR-55 refrigerant

At ICR2015, Trane, a brand of Ingersoll Rand, is presenting an air-cooled demonstration chiller using the new DR-55 refrigerant (HFO-HFC mixture).

• Publication date : 2015/08/19

ICR2011 highlights: improving insulation thanks to vacuum

Vacuum insulated panels (VIPs) are a new technology which is theoretically 5 times less conductive than classic polyurethane panels (3 times less in practice because of the various thermal bridges).

• Publication date : 2012/01/05

ICR2019: focus on innovative refrigeration technologies for developing countries

Several papers presented during the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration in August 2019 addressed advances in the refrigeration technologies that are particularly adapted to hot countries with limited electricity supply: solar...

• Publication date : 2019/11/29
• Subjects: Developing country

ICR2011 highlights: a refrigeration road map for supermarkets

A road map developed by a team from London South Bank University, Faculty of Engineering, Science and the Built Environment introduces the main saving opportunities for refrigeration in the retail sector

• Publication date : 2011/12/13

ICR2011 highlights: indoor air-quality issues in passive buildings

Polish specialists recommend mechanical ventilation for passive buildings

• Publication date : 2012/03/13

ICR2019: overview of current refrigeration research topics (part III)

Energy storage, desiccant air conditioning, high-temperature heat pumps and ejector technologies were some of the salient topics of the latest IIR Congress. Continuation of the synthesis of key presentations of ICR2019.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

ICR2019: overview of current refrigeration research topics (part IV)

Energy storage, desiccant air conditioning, high-temperature heat pumps and ejector technologies were some of the salient topics of the latest IIR Congress. Continuation of the synthesis of key presentations of ICR2019.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

Global refrigerated warehouse capacity in 2020.

The total capacity of refrigerated warehouses worldwide was estimated at 719 million cubic meters in 2020. The US, India and China reported the largest capacities.

• Publication date : 2021/05/10
• Subjects: Figures, economy

IIR Rankine Conference 2020: Which alternative working fluids for ORC systems?

HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins), HCFOs (hydrochlorofluoroolefins) and hydrocarbons were the main alternatives to HFC245fa presented during the IIR Rankine Conference 2020.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Slight increase in global LNG trade in 2020

Global LNG trade continued to grow in 2020 albeit at a slower pace than the previous year. Meanwhile, orders for LNG-powered vessels have increased significantly.

• Publication date : 2021/10/22
• Subjects: Figures, economy

ICR2011

The IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR) takes place every four years. The next one will take place in Beijing, China, in 2007. All IIR member countries voted to select the host country for ICR2011. There were two applicants: the...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Upcoming conference: ICR2007

A call for papers has been launched: abstracts are to be submitted by August 31, 2006. The Science and Technology Committee will screen them, and authors will be informed of acceptance by November 30, 2006. The deadline for submission of full...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

Now available: ICR2015 congress papers

Following on from the successful IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR2015), the long anticipated papers and proceedings are now available to download in Fridoc.

• Publication date : 2015/12/09

ICR2007

Several types of IIR medals and awards will be given out at the 22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration to be held in Beijing, China, on August 21-26, 2007. If you are aware of an outstanding person who could be honoured, check out

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

ICR2007 in Beijing

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) holds Congresses every 4 years. They have two objectives: - a scientific objective: apart from the numerous IIR and IIR-co-sponsored conferences (about 50 over a 4-year period), which are focused...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

The long awaited ICR2015 is underway!

Held every four years, this year ICR2015 welcomes 1,011 conference delegates from 55 countries, making it a truly global refrigeration event.

• Publication date : 2015/08/19

Upcoming IIR events: ICR2007

22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR2007): Refrigeration Creates the Future will take place on August 21-August 26, 2007 in Beijing, China. The deadline for abstract submission is August 31, 2006. Submit your abstract now:

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Upcoming IIR events: ICR2007

22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR2007): Refrigeration Creates the Future will take place on August 21- 26, 2007 in Beijing, China. Keep updated and register:www.icr2007.org

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Upcoming IIR events: ICR2007

22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR2007): Refrigeration Creates the Future will take place on August 21-26, 2007 in Beijing, China. Keep updated and register:www.icr2007.org

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

ICR2015 Abstract submission deadline extended!

ICR2015 is gearing up to be more successful than ever with over 880 abstracts already submitted!

• Publication date : 2014/11/04

ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges

With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...

• Publication date : 2015/04/08

Briefs: ICR2007 awards

The IIR is delighted to announce the winners of awards to be presented during the awards banquet to be held during the Beijing congress: IIR Medal of Merit: Fritz Steimle; IIR Gustav Lorentzen Medal: Alexey Arkharov; IIR Science & Technology...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

ICR2015: Early Bird Registration now open

Registration is now open for the much anticipated 24th ICR will be held at Yokohama, Japan from 16 to 22 August 2015.

• Publication date : 2015/01/30

A sneak preview of ICR2015 Highlights

The 25th International Congress of Refrigeration ended on Saturday, August 22nd proving to be more successful than ever with 1186 conference delegates from 55 countries, 11 tracks and 900 sessions.

• Publication date : 2015/08/26

Calls for papers: ICR2007

A Call for Papers for the 22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration — Refrigeration Creates the Future — was launched on June 30, 2006: abstracts are to be submitted by August 31, 2006. Authors will be informed of acceptance by November 30,...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Kigali Amendment status per country

List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.

• Last update : 2024/11/15
• Langues : English
• Themes : Regulations and standardization (Montreal and Kyoto Protocols…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

For IIR members only

Global cold storage capacity

This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

• Last update : 2021/12/06
• Langues : English
• Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs