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IIR document
Lyophilization/ freeze-drying and solvent recovery with air refrigeration.
Investigating the performance of novel green solvents in absorption refrigeration cycles: Energy and exergy analyses.
Protéger la couche d’ozone et réduire le réchauffement climatique. Résultats, études de cas et enseignements tirés du Programme du PNUD relatif au Protocole de Montréal.
Protecting the ozone layer and reducing global warming. Results, case studies and lessons learned from UNDP’s Montreal protocol programme.
Protección de la capa de ozono y reducción del calentamiento del planeta. Resultados, estudios de casos y lecciones aprendidas del Programa del PNUD relativo al Protocolo de Montreal.
Performance of a vapour absorption refrigeration system operating with ionic liquid-ammonia combination with water as cosolvent.
Preparation and characterization of nano-scale Fe2P-based particles by surfactant-assisted high-energy ball milling.
Vapor pressure measurement of liquid dessicants at low temperatures by a novel technique.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Natural working fluids for absorption refrigeration.
Atmospheric chemistry and environmental impact of CF3CF=CH2 (HFO-1234yf), E-CF3CH=CHF (1234ze(E)), CF3CF=CF2, (FO-1216), Z-CF3CH=CHCI (HCFO-1233zd(Z)), and E-CF3-CH=CHCI (HCFO-1233zd(E)).
Recommended by the IIR
An overview of the progress of new working pairs in absorption heat pumps.
Development of vapor pressure model for mixed liquid desiccants near saturated solubility.
Injectable cryogel microcarriers for cell transplantation and growth factor delivery.
Performance evaluation of a hybrid refrigeration cycle by combining an absorption process with a compression process using Low‐GWP refrigerant.
Comprehensive assessment of centrifugal chillers using next generation refrigerant R1233zd(E).
Refrigeration sector monitoring
50 results
Capturing CO2 thanks to refrigeration
Intensive research into capturing the CO2 created in fossil-fuel-based electricity production has been carried out for several years by Alstom. One of the technologies used is post-combustion separation using a solvent (amine or chilled ammonia)....
Next generation of working pairs in absorption heat pumps
The history and latest developments in working pairs for absorption heat pumps were discussed in a recent review article.
Low-temperature CO2 capture technologies potential
In a review paper in the International Journal of Refrigeration, D. Berstad et al. give an overview of CO2 capture conditions for a broad range of different power cycles and industrial processes.
Cryogenic carbon capture technologies
Cryogenic carbon capture is in the early stages of development, however, several projects have achieved a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6, for applications such as blue...
ICR2011 highlights: carbon capture and storage (CCS) perspectives
During ICR2011, a complete session was devoted to carbon capture and storage (CCS). Berstad et al.(1) stressed that according to IEA, out of the targeted global annual CO2 emissions reductions – 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels –, CO2 CCS from...
Carbon capture on board LNG-fuelled ships
A project involving science and industry partners has received EU funding to accelerate the uptake of ship-based carbon capture on LNG-fuelled ships.
Potential impact of dichloromethane on the ozone layer recovery
In a study published in Nature Communications, Ryan Hossaini and a team of researchers consider the impact of dichloromethane (CH2CL2) on the ozone layer.
Russia: Refrigerating equipment market
According to a new market report published by IndexBox Marketing, the Russian refrigerating equipment market – except household type equipment – in 2012 was worth 319.447 million € – an increase of 5.1% compared to the previous year.
Modern cryosurgical techniques and devices
Since the 80’s, device miniaturization makes it possible to introduce endoscopic cryoprobes through natural channels (bronchia, urethra…) without requiring traditional surgery.
Latest figures on HFC impact on climate change
EU reports that hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) have decreased for the fourth consecutive year since 2014. On a global scale, the impact of HFCs on climate...
Spray freeze-drying technique for the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products
Some biopharmaceuticals such as vaccines have a short shelf life and must be handled with care. A recent literature review presents the spray freeze-drying technique as an interesting option for optimising the...
Efficient cooling methods to reduce heat stress in pigs
Microclimate parameters such as air temperature and humidity are important indicators of animal welfare. Besides, heat stress is more detrimental to productivity in the swine...
Vapour compression refrigeration for space applications
An IJR review paper presents the history of vapour-compression refrigeration systems used in microgravity environments and sets the next steps of research needed to achieve reliable...
Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing
Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...
A study assesses alternative mixtures to two pure hydrocarbon refrigerants
An article reviews more than 11,000 mixtures of refrigerants that could be interesting alternatives to pure R290 and R600a.
IIR news
10 results
Member news: Automated order-pickup kiosks use containers from Carrier Transicold
Member news: grocery kiosks are being set up in Estonia. The CO2 refrigeration system is supplied by Carrier Transicold.
IIR member news: Excess heat is the largest untapped energy source
In a whitepaper, IIR Benefactor member Danfoss highlights the vast untapped potential of excess heat as a source of energy.
New IIR Informatory Note on Containment of Refrigerants
Currently available for IIR members only, the 24th IIR Informatory Note “Containment of Refrigerants within Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Heat Pump Systems” is out.
New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems
IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...
IJR Editorial: Solar energy, the energy of the future for refrigeration
Solar refrigeration should become a means of providing cleaner air conditioning and developing cold chains for food and health products where they are still deficient. We need to accompany this development while...
IIR Working Group publishes Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance
The Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) provide a harmonised method to calculate the LCCP for all types of stationary air conditioning, heat pumping and refrigeration systems.
Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany
Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.
Healthcare drones: Countless advantages for a healthier society
With the objective of making it possible for those who require urgent healthcare supplies delivered as often and as regularly as necessary, various companies are now pushing the possibilities of exploiting drones to deliver healthcare supplies...
What do refrigeration, air conditioning and social media have in common? A lot!
In 2014, an awareness raising social media campaign by Stephen Gill praising the too often overlooked virtues and benefits of refrigeration caused quite a stir, going viral.
The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine
Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
5 results
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
