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Using a new solar sterilizer for surgical instruments as a solar oven for cooking.
An aspirating cooling system for regulating temperature of pyrolytic oven glass.
Development of stove-powered thermoelectric generators: a review.
Cocción microbiológicamente segura de carne en horno solar y su análisis sensorial.
Microbiologically safe cooking meat in a solar furnace and its sensory analysis.
Investigación en comportamiento térmico de cocinas solares en el sur de la península ibérica 2020-2022.
Research on the thermal behaviour of solar cookers in the south of the Iberian Peninsula 2020-2022.
Thermosyphons with innovative technologies.
Experimental characterization of flow field around heat exchanger cells in a residential gas furnace.
Heating and air-conditioning technology for radiant heat recovery in kiln wall of cement plant.
IIR document
Dynamic analysis of a furnace off‐gas energy recovery system integrating heat from batch‐wise metal casting.
R32: il nuovo refrigerante per il condizionamento residenziale. Parte quatra. 167a lezione.
R32: the new refrigerant for residential air conditioning. Part Four. 167th lesson.
Thermal and exergetic approach to wet type rotary kiln process and evaluation of waste heat powered ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle).
Performance analysis of four-stage thermoelectric cooler for focal plane infrared detectors.
Economical and environmental data analysis of hybrid HVAC system of air source heat pump and natural gas furnace for cold climate.
Design method for improving the electromagnetic and temperature performance of the four-way valve.
Effects of lubricating oil on the performance of a four-intersecting-vane rotary expander.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
635 results
Trane announces contract with Carrefour for 38 stores in Asia
On February 9, 2005, Trane, a global provider of indoor comfort systems and comprehensive facility solutions, won a competitive bid process with Carrefour, the world's second largest retailer, for 38 new stores in China, Indonesia, Thailand,...
Carrefour pledges to reduce its CO2 emissions by 40% by 2025
Supermarket group Carrefour has pledged to reduce CO2 emissions from all stores by 40% by 2025 and by 70% by 2050 compared to 2010 levels.
Evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic system for refrigerated vans
A new study published in the IJR explores the potential of photovoltaic panels to reduce fuel consumption and emissions in refrigerated van transport.
A cryostat provides the optical bench of the largest digital astronomic camera
The manufacture of a cryostat to be used as an optical bench for the camera of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope has been completed.
CO2 training courses in France
Climate change concerns and increasing use of natural refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) are driving demand for natural refrigerant training courses.
Green buildings: Melbourne
Melbourne's new state-of-the-art Convention Centre has received the world's first 6-Star Green Star environmental rating for a convention centre. The award was given by the Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA) in recognition of the centre's...
Course on fruit and vegetables preservation
The Postharvest and Refrigeration Group of the Technical University of Cartagena (Spain) offers the second International Course on Postharvest Technology and Minimal Processing of Fruit and Vegetables, from 23 to 29 April 2008. The Chair of the...
US: Court strikes down EPA restrictions on HFCs
In August, the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (D.C.) overturned Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) directives to ban certain high GWP HFC refrigerants.
Interested in a short course on Ice Slurry Technology?
The course will take place in Karlsruhe (Germany) on the 13th and 14th May 2011, and will be taught in English.
Japan: revised Fluorinated gas legislation to encourage rationalised use and proper management of fluorocarbons
The Japanese Cabinet recently approved the “Bill for the Act for Partial Revision of the Act on Ensuring the Implementation of Recovery and Destruction of Fluorocarbons concerning Designated Products.”
AHRI asks US Court of Appeals to review DOE's commercial refrigeration rule
The Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) claims that the Department of Energy’s (DOE) new energy conservation standards for commercial refrigeration equipment may be impossible to meet.
Global energy employment outperformed labour market in 2023
The IEA's 2024 World Energy Employment report states that employment in the energy sector increased by 3.8% in 2023, exceeding the 2.2% average for the entire economy, and is...
The European heat pump industry : a provider of local labour
The total number of employees in the European heat pump industry is estimated 48 073 persons, approximately 36% of these being active in heat pump manufacturing.
Latest news on LNG and bio-LNG infrastructure projects in the pipeline
At the beginning of 2022, several LNG or bio-LNG projects are underway.
The race to design individual cooling devices
Cooling individuals would be less energy-consuming and a lot cheaper than cooling entire buildings. Based on that principle, companies, start-ups, and researchers are racing to build wearable devices that can act like mini air-conditioning...
IIR news
386 results
SophiA project nears completion: Installations underway in all four pilot countries
As the SophiA project approaches its final stages, all systems developed are now either fully installed or currently being deployed across the four pilot countries: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Malawi, and Uganda. These innovative technologies aim...
IIR at Chillventa 2024: a crossroads of innovation and collaboration for sustainable refrigeration
The IIR exhibited at Chillventa 2024 from 8 to 10 October, sharing a stand with its German partner DKV. With 1,010 international exhibitors from 49 countries and almost 33,000 visitors, this event reaffirmed its...
Training and courses: New content available
Since its initial publication, a number of new courses have been added to the IIR refrigeration courses and training repertoire.
Training and courses: Accessible opportunities online
The IIR has taken care to provide you with an exclusive selection of digital training and course material on the main themes of HVACR, including a section dedicated to certification courses from reputable international organisations and companies...
IIR website: consult our courses!
The “Services and expertises” section of the IIR website includes a section on courses and training. The courses are among the most downloaded documents in 2022!
New course on magnetic refrigeration!
The IIR has just published a new course entitled “Magnetic refrigeration” on its website, in the “Courses and training” section.
International events: Strasbourg
New Ventures in Freeze-Drying, an IIR conference organized by Aérial, was held in Strasbourg, France, on November 7-9, 2007. Thirty-five participants from 11 countries seized this rare opportunity to exchange knowledge and examine the state of the...
Conference update: Melbourne
IR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...
IIR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...
Upcoming IIR events: Strasbourg
Interested in freeze-drying? Here is a rare opportunity to become updated on the state of the art: New Ventures in Freeze-drying, an IIR conference, will take place in Strasbourg, France on November 7-9, 2007. Call for papers, registration and...
Upcoming IIR event: Strasbourg
Interested in freeze-drying? Here's a rare opportunity to become updated on the state of the art: New Ventures in Freeze-drying, an IIR conference, will take place in Strasbourg, France on November 7-9, 2007. Please send your abstract by May 1,...
News from IIR members: Cemafroid courses
Cemafroid is offering a broad range of short (1 to 1.5-day) training courses on the cold chain. Check out the full range and dates: www.cemafroid.fr
IIR website: a new course on inverse cooling cycles
A new course material prepared by Renato Lazzarin has been added to the “Courses and training” section of the IIR web site: “Inverse cycles – Refrigerating Equipment”.
Training and courses: New material available on the IIR website
A new course on cogeneration has just been added to the "Courses and Training" section of the IIR website.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
17 results
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Events
4 results
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Find out more
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
Webinar – Refrigerated Transport in Hot Climates: Challenges and Innovations
December 09, 2025
France
Objective: To share key insights from the UNEP/IIR Cold Chain Technology Brief: Road Refrigerated Transport in Hot Climates, foster dialogue between experts, industry, and policymakers, and promote sustainable...
