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  • IIR at Chillventa 2024: a crossroads of innovation and collaboration for sustainable refrigeration

    The IIR exhibited at Chillventa 2024 from 8 to 10 October, sharing a stand with its German partner DKV. With 1,010 international exhibitors from 49 countries and almost 33,000 visitors, this event reaffirmed its...

    • Publication date : 2024/10/28
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  • Training and courses: New content available

    Since its initial publication, a number of new courses have been added to the IIR refrigeration courses and training repertoire.

    • Publication date : 2019/10/21
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  • Training and courses: Accessible opportunities online

    The IIR has taken care to provide you with an exclusive selection of digital training and course material on the main themes of HVACR, including a section dedicated to certification courses from reputable international organisations and companies...

    • Publication date : 2017/10/03
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  • IIR website: consult our courses!

    The “Services and expertises” section of the IIR website includes a section on courses and training. The courses are among the most downloaded documents in 2022! 

    • Publication date : 2023/02/17
    • Subjects: General information
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  • New course on magnetic refrigeration!

    The IIR has just published a new course entitled “Magnetic refrigeration” on its website, in the “Courses and training” section. 

    • Publication date : 2023/06/28
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    Books on a computer laptop

  • Conference update: Melbourne

    IIR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...

    • Publication date : 2008/08/12
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  • International events: Strasbourg

    New Ventures in Freeze-Drying, an IIR conference organized by Aérial, was held in Strasbourg, France, on November 7-9, 2007. Thirty-five participants from 11 countries seized this rare opportunity to exchange knowledge and examine the state of the...

    • Publication date : 2008/02/12
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  • Conference update: Melbourne

    IR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...

    • Publication date : 2008/02/12
    Read more

  • Conference update: Melbourne

    IIR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...

    • Publication date : 2008/05/13
    Read more

  • Upcoming IIR events: Strasbourg

    Interested in freeze-drying? Here is a rare opportunity to become updated on the state of the art: New Ventures in Freeze-drying, an IIR conference, will take place in Strasbourg, France on November 7-9, 2007. Call for papers, registration and...

    • Publication date : 2007/02/12
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  • Upcoming IIR event: Strasbourg

    Interested in freeze-drying? Here's a rare opportunity to become updated on the state of the art: New Ventures in Freeze-drying, an IIR conference, will take place in Strasbourg, France on November 7-9, 2007. Please send your abstract by May 1,...

    • Publication date : 2007/05/04
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  • News from IIR members: Cemafroid courses

    Cemafroid is offering a broad range of short (1 to 1.5-day) training courses on the cold chain. Check out the full range and dates: www.cemafroid.fr

    • Publication date : 2012/03/19
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  • IIR website: a new course on inverse cooling cycles

    A new course material prepared by Renato Lazzarin has been added to the “Courses and training” section of the IIR web site: “Inverse cycles – Refrigerating Equipment”.

    • Publication date : 2019/04/30
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  • Training and courses: New material available on the IIR website

    A new course on cogeneration has just been added to the "Courses and Training" section of the IIR website.

    • Publication date : 2020/05/22
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  • The long awaited ICR2015 is underway!

    Held every four years, this year ICR2015 welcomes 1,011 conference delegates from 55 countries, making it a truly global refrigeration event.

    • Publication date : 2015/08/19
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  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
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  • Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

    Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

    • Last update : 2023/01/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Fruit, Vegetables
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  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2023/06/23
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
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  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
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  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
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  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids
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  • Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

    Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

    • Last update : 2023/09/15
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : HFCs
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  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
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  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
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  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
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  • For IIR members only

    Global cold storage capacity

    This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

    • Last update : 2021/12/06
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics
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  • For IIR members only

    Heat pump stock in Europe

    This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

    • Last update : 2021/12/14
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO
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See all results in the Encyclopedia of Refrigeration