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Effect of hydro-thermal behavior on the frost heave of a saturated silty clay under different applied pressures.
Analytical solution to steady-state temperature field for straight-row-piped freezing based on superposition of thermal potential.
IIR document
SIMULATION RAPIDE DES TRANSFERTS DE CHALEUR ET DU GEL DANS LE SOL AU VOISINAGE D'UN ECHANGEUR ENTERRE.
RAPID SIMULATION OF HEAT TRANSFER AND SOIL FREEZING NEAR A BURIED EXCHANGER.
Numerical evaluation on the effects of soil freezing on underground temperature variations of soil around ground heat exchangers.
USE OF COMPARATIVE COEFFICIENTS OF FROST LAYER FORMATION AND HEAT TRANSFER INTENSITY FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF VARIABLE SYSTEMS OF THE MOIST SOIL FREEZING.
Ground freezing in archaeology.
La congélation du sol en archéologie.
THREE-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATION OF SOIL FREEZING USING CONCENTRIC PIPES.
Modern ammonia refrigerating plant for freezing the earth during the process of sinking deep shafts.
[In Russian. / En russe.]
A few examples of the use of refrigeration.
Les autres applications du froid : divers exemples d'utilisation.
THE APPLICATION OF REFRIGERATION IN ENERGY ENGINEERING.
SOIL FREEZING FOR A TUNNEL PROPULSION, USING THE NATM (NEW AUSTRIAN TUNNELLING METHOD) AND COMPRESSED AIR.
OPTIMUM SOLUTIONS FOR COLD-STORAGE FLOORING AND CENTRAL FROST-HEAVE PROTECTION HEATING SYSTEMS.
Optimum solutions for cold-storage flooring and central frost-heave protective heating systems.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
240 results
A promising solar heat pump system for cold climates
A simulation of a novel solar-assisted ground source heat pump system shows promising results for improved energy efficiency and reduced soil freezing in cold climates.
Advances in Phase Change Materials boost efficiency of food and health cold chains
A recent article published in the International Journal of Refrigeration reviews PCMs in laboratory and commercial cold chain applications along with possible solutions to mitigate their...
Cryogenic carbon capture technologies
Cryogenic carbon capture is in the early stages of development, however, several projects have achieved a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6, for applications such as blue...
French heat pump market situation
The total market showed an increase of sales in 2014 with a little over 192 967 units sold. This is a rise of 27% compared to 2013.
Latest progress in the Caribbean Cooling Initiative
Jamaica and the Dominican Republic are working towards setting up policies and minimum energy efficiency requirements to reduce energy consumption and GHG emissions from cooling.
Breakthrough fluorescent imaging for precise cancer cryosurgery
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) have developed a specialised nanoscale material that illuminates cancer cells under freezing conditions, enhancing surgeons’ ability to detect and remove cancer cells during...
Sorption chillers
Sorption chiller technology is rapidly developing, especially that using solar energy. - As highlighted by Jacob and Kohlenbach* during the latest IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids in Sydney, in Europe, numerous new...
Green Buildings: Frozen smoke
Following the meeting of the IIR's Science and Technology Council (STC) on June 10, 2010, Prof. Renato Lazzarin, University of Padua in Vicenza, Italy, AICARR President, President of Commission E1 (Air conditioning) of the STC gave a lecture...
Liquid nitrogen spray to clean spacesuits
Researchers from Washington State University developed a liquid nitrogen spray to remove moon dust from a space suit, potentially solving what is a significant challenge for future...
Liquid nitrogen for French cuisine
The system uses the natural pressure of nitrogen during evaporation according to a vertical discharge principle.
HFC phase-down in the USA, in China and in Europe
Prospects for the ratification of the Kigali Amendment by China and the US, and new bans on HFCs under the F-Gas Regulation in Europe
Phase-change materials result in huge cost savings
Phase-change materials (PCMs) are being used in a new building for the molecular engineering department of the University of Washington, in Seattle. The 7150 m² building has PCMs encapsulated in its wall and ceiling panels, and the expectation is...
A photovoltaic system powers the refrigeration systems of a fishing village in Morocco
In Aftissat, Morocco, 500 photovoltaic panels combined with batteries and diesel generators cover the daily energy needs of the village, including cold storage and refrigeration.
Cryogenics and 3D-printing techniques could allow the replication of human tissues
A team of researchers from Imperial College London have developed a new technique which could allow the replication of human brain and lung tissue and regenerate damaged parts.
Experimentation of a film rejecting 70% of solar heat
A team of researchers explored the ability of a phase-change material film set on windows to reject incoming solar heat.
IIR news
180 results
News from IIR members: Kinarca
Kinarca obtains ISO 22000 certification for its gel-ice machine. Bureau Veritas Certification has certified that Kinarca's Food Security system applied to the design process, manufacturing assembly and maintenance of flo-ice machines is according...
IIR member news: Angelantoni Group
“COLD ENERGY” is an innovative solution to improve energy efficiency both for old and new compression refrigeration systems by transferring a highly efficient automotive technology to enhance energy recovery of heat exchangers.
The IIR at the heart of magnetic refrigeration
Magnetic refrigeration technology proves more alluring than ever: conferences, workshops and research projects continue to make waves.
IIR conference on caloric cooling Thermag VIII: highlights
Thermag VIII was an opportunity to present new developments regarding magnetocaloric, electrocaloric and elastocaloric cooling.
ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges
With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...
Recap of the ENOUGH webinar: Innovative freezing technologies for a more sustainable food chain
On May 22, science and industry experts took part in the ENOUGH Webinar on recent advances in food freezing, exploring various ways to enhance sustainability in thermal processes.
The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine
Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...
Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?
If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.
Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024
A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).
Professional forums on cryo-sciences: Experts and young researchers alike
Although significant progress has been made in cold application in life sciences driven by new solutions in the production, storage and handling of bio-products along the entire production chain all the way up to the end-user, there are still many...
Call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
All professionals in the field of low-temperature technologies are called and are strongly encouraged to strictly adhere to the internationally established and approved definitions, by the International...
The IIR launches a call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
ENOUGH at the 37th EFFoST International Conference 2023
Several partners from the ENOUGH project were present at the 37th EFFoST International Conference 2023 in Valencia this week.
The IIR and the ASHRAE establish new definitions of five keywords in the refrigeration sector
For over a year, a group of experts from the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) have been working together to establish common definitions of...
Uniting 23 countries for cryogenics progress: Highlights from the 2025 IIR Cryogenics Conference
Bringing together 138 participants from 23 countries, the 18th IIR Conference on Cryogenics was a successful event that highlighted the latest advancements in cryogenic technologies and...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
10 results
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Events
1 result
Other event
2026 Cryogenic Microscopy & Spectroscopy Workshop
March 23, 2026 - March 26, 2026
Brno, Czech (Republic)
Fostering cross‐disciplinary collaboration & innovation in cryogenics, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy.
Find out more
