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Numerical analysis scheme for predicting the oil level variation in horizontal rotary compressor.
IIR document
Development of an accumulator liquid-level estimator to enable zero-superheat control and active charge management in vapor-compression systems.
Analysis of suitable methodologies for compressor mass flow rate correction to other superheat levels and refrigerants.
Experimental investigation on oil supply system inside a rotary compressor.
Dynamic behavior study of multi-section vertical absorption heat exchanger.
Performance optimization of a transcritical CO2 refrigeration system using a controlled ejector
A multi-level MPC simulation study in a school building.
Cooling systems for the temperature level T= 28…30 K.
Bayesian networks for whole building level fault diagnosis and isolation.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Numerical evaluation of a kilowatt-level rotary electrocaloric refrigeration system.
3D compressible simulation of a muffler with pseudosound prediction levels.
Enhanced condensation heat transfer at a wide range of supersaturation level.
Heat pumps with integrated thermochemical energy storage for electricity load levelling.
District-level validation of a shoeboxing algorithm for Urban Building Energy Modeling.
Evaporative coolers of gases and liquids with a lowered level of cooling.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
1317 results
Uncertainty in the prediction of the climate response to rising levels of GHG
According to a study published in Nature on January 27, 2005, the climate response to rising levels of greenhouse gases could be much worse than predicted. The study, carried out by Pr Stainforth's team, shows the uncertainty in the predictions....
Maturity level of alternative AC technologies
In a recent review article, the authors assessed air conditioning technologies in Europe according to their Technology Readiness Level (TRL).
Data centres: poor levels of cooling utilisation in UK
According to a recent survey, current average cooling utilisation level is just 34% in UK data centres.
Fast growing HFC levels could undermine climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol
A WMO-UNEP report stresses that climate benefits of the Montreal Protocol could be offset significantly by projected emissions of HFCs used to replace ozone depleting substances.
Spain: action plans for heating and cooling at local level
In June 2024, la Fundación Renovables issued a guide to promote sustainable cooling in Spanish cities with more than 45,000 inhabitants. Solutions include installing heat pumps,...
Actions at European level to combat the illegal trade of HFCs
Various actions to tackle illegal imports of HFCs in the European Union are progressively being implemented: raising awareness of policy makers, good practice guidelines and a “single window” at the disposal of customs in particular.
Refrigerated warehouse capacity and urban development
Among other data, the 2012 IARW Global Cold Storage Capacity Report focuses on the relationship between refrigerated warehouse capacities and urban population levels.
New developments in cryogenic storage
An innovating solution for cryogenic storage of products has been patented and marketed. This system makes it possible to store products at -190°C in a totally dry environment without using liquid nitrogen in the storage space. The risks inherent...
TTI: new developments
Time-Temperature Integrators (TTIs) are "intelligent labels" that simulate bacterial development, as a function of time-and-temperature parameters. As soon as a critical threshold is crossed, a change in colour alerts the consumer that the...
Briefs: Development of liquid-ammonia-based CO2 capture is pacing up
Alstom, EPRI and We Energies are launching a pilot project in the United States, using a chilled liquid-ammonia-based solution in order to capture the CO2 rejected by coal-powered power plants. The system captures the gas before isolating it at...
HCFC consumption and production in developing countries
Recent data on the HCFC production and consumption of developing countries were submitted to the Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.
The development of district cooling in China
Like the huge project under construction in Shenzhen, district cooling in China has a great potential for development, given the energy benefits it offers and the strong growth in commercial...
DuPont develops a new foam expansion agent
FEA-1100, DuPont’s latest foam expansion agent, has an excellent environmental profile. It is characterized by zero ozone depletion potential and low global warming potential (9.4). DuPont indicates that FEA-1100 has a short atmospheric lifetime:...
Analysis on development in cold chain logistics
Growth in global cold chain market will remain at 8% in 2017 and China’s cold chain logistics lags behind.
India: scenarios for a sustainable development of the refrigeration sector
A recent study shows that an accelerated transition from HFCs to low-GWP refrigerants would allow India to go beyond the requirements of the Kigali Amendment and ensure sustainable...
IIR news
632 results
We are hiring a Membership Strategy & Development Officer
About us IIR is an intergovernmental organisation fostering collaboration and enhancing knowledge on...
Frisbee Project: Latest Developments
Frisbee is a European-Union-funded 4-year project. It was launched in September 2010 and involves 26 partners including the IIR. the IIR is in charge of collecting data and the dissemination of research outcomes. The aim is to provide new...
The “Projects on clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare sectors in developing countries” workshop at ICCC 2022
An IIR workshop which has gathered the current projects in developing countries that will help to raise awareness among the industry, farmers, policymakers, and consumers… on the importance of adopting a...
Refrigeration for Sustainable Development - 23rd International Congress of Refrigeration
Every 4 years, the International Institute of Refrigeration holds a congress, each time in a different country. These milestone events bring together researchers and industrial stakeholders working in all refrigeration applications and...
Member news: Linde to develop cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum computers
Linde, corporate member of the IIR, partners with Bluefors to develop cryogenic cooling solutions for quantum computing technology.
World Science Day: IIR reaffirms the role of refrigeration for sustainable development
This 10 November 2025, IIR joins in the celebration of World Science Day, aligning with this year’s theme of “the science we need for 2050” by highlighting the importance of refrigeration for economic...
New IIR publication: Latest Developments in Refrigerated Storage, Transportation and Display of Food Products
The proceedings of Latest Developments in Refrigerated Storage, Transportation and Display of Food Products, an IIR conference involving Commissions C2, D1 with D2, held in Amman, Jordan, on March 28-30, 2005 comprise 24 papers. within the...
Policy brief available to download: Developing the cold chain in the agrifood sector in sub-Saharan Africa
A focus on the importance of the cold chain in reducing post-harvest losses
UNIDO and IIR launch a call for partners to develop cost guidelines for improving energy efficiency in retail refrigeration
As part of the Kigali Cooling Efficiency Programme funded project, UNIDO and the IIR are developing cost guidelines for incremental capital and operating costs in order to improve energy efficiency in retail refrigeration in Article 5 countries of...
Save the Date – The 7th IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain will take place in April 2022
This international event will focus on sharing expertise on the cold chain with developing countries to address key UN sustainable development goals related to hunger, health, energy, education,...
ERC Grant Awarded to Steffen Grohmann for Advancing Cryogenic Technology
Steffen Grohmann, President of IIR Commission A1, receives an advanced grant from the European Research Council for his innovative cryogenic technology project: GRAVITHELIUM, a key technology for the Einstein...
Highlights from COP13/MOP36 – Day 4
Today, at COP13/MOP36 in Bangkok, high-level discussions continued as delegates, scientists, and policy leaders gathered with renewed urgency to protect the ozone layer and address climate...
Don’t miss your chance to support the IIR Congress 2023!
To ensure the visibility of your entity across the industry on an international level, sponsoring the 26th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration is a must!
IIR WRD 2025 Press Release : Countries urged to establish national refrigeration committees to tackle food, health, animals and climate challenges
Drawing on the outcomes of the WRD 2025 high-level event held on 18 June, the IIR calls for coordinated national action towards sustainable, equitable refrigeration.
Strengthening Sustainable Agri-Food Cold Chains in Jordan: Policy Dialogue and Technical Capacity Building
As the global authority on refrigeration knowledge, the International Institute of Refrigeration is supporting member countries in...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
11 results
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
André Lebon
André Lebon (1859 – 1938). Membre fondateur de l’Association Internationale du Froid puis de l’Institut International du Froid
Events
7 results
IIR event
Cooling Without Warming: Energy‑Efficient ACs and Heat Pumps
April 28, 2026
Paris, France
Register here
Find out more
Other event
15th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
September 13, 2027 - September 15, 2027
London, United Kingdom
On September 13-15, 2027, the 15th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems of City University of London will provide a forum for debate on developments in air, gas and refrigeration...
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Data Centers at a Crossroads: Energy, Cooling, and Policy Challenges
May 12, 2026
Register...
Sponsored event
2026 China International Heat Pump Conference
October 13, 2026 - October 17, 2026
Shanghai, China
Following the resounding success of the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference (CHPC 2024) in Shenzhen, which gathered over 850 experts and delegates from 33 countries & regions, the upcoming 3rd CHPC in 2026 is poised to further expand its global...
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Currently accepting full papers! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for...
