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Investigation on thermal resistance of a novel evaporator wick structure.

• Author(s) : LIU W. Y., LUO Y. Q., CHEN W., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/12/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 91

LHP heat transfer performance: a comparison study about sintered copper powder wick and copper mesh wick.

• Author(s) : WANG Y., CEN J., JIANG F., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/01/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 92

Experimental and numerical investigation of the thermal performance of a novel sintered-wick heat pipe.

• Author(s) : KHALILI M., SHAFII M. B.
• Publication date: 2016/02/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 94

Development and tests of loop heat pipe with multi-layer metal foams as wick structure.

• Author(s) : ZHOU W., LING W., DUAN L., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 94

Experimental studies on a novel thin flat heat pipe heat spreader.

• Author(s) : LI J., LV L.
• Publication date: 2016/01/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 93

IIR document

Start-up behaviour of a loop heat pipe with a plate-type evaporator.

• Author(s) : NIIZUMA H., TSUJIMORI A., SATO Y., SASAGAWA R., HASHIMOTO S.
• Publication date: 2024/06/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 8^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: June 9-11 2024
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation on a loop heat pipe using different working wick materials.

• Author(s) : HTOO K. Z., HUYNH P. H., KARIYA K., MIYARA A.
• Publication date: 2020/12/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2020). Proceedings. Kyoto, Japon, December 7-9^th 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Permeability analysis of additively-manufactured wick structures with heat exchanger applications.

• Author(s) : MORROW J., ESPINO MENDEZ C., DERBY M.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Isothermal Performance of Heat Pipes: A Review.

• Author(s) : ZHANG H., YE F., GUO H., YAN X.
• Publication date: 2022/03
• Languages : English
• Source: Energies - vol. 15 - n. 6
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Steady state mathematical model for a cryogenic loop heat pipe with coherent porous silicon (CPS) wick in the flat plate evaporator.

• Author(s) : MISHRA G. K., NARASIMHAM G. S. V. L., KARUNANITHI R.
• Publication date: 2021/10/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2021 online. Proceedings of the 16^th IIR International Conference, October 5-7, 2021.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental thermal performance assessment of aluminum and copper heat pipes for refrigerated container applications.

• Author(s) : AL JUBORI A. M., JAWAD Q. A.
• Publication date: 2022/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 133
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study on thermal performances of heat pipes for air-conditioning systems influenced by magnetic nanofluids, external fields and micro wicks.

• Author(s) : CHIANG Y. C., KUO W. C., HO C. C., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/07
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 43
• Formats : PDF

Optimizing the design of a two-phase cooling system loop heat pipe: Wick manufacturing with the 3D selective laser melting printing technique and prototype testing.

• Author(s) : ESARTE J., BLANCO J. M., BERNARDINI A., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/01/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 111

IIR document

Adsorption mechanisms of alcoholic additives in water at low pressure – An experimental study.

• Author(s) : LONARDI F., LUKE A.
• Publication date: 2019/09
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 105
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A novel application of optimization and computational fluid dynamics methods for designing combined ejector-compressor refrigeration cycle.

• Author(s) : SANAYE S., FARVIZI A., REFAHI A., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/12
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 108
• Formats : PDF

Improving cold chain infrastructure key to cutting world food waste

In a recent report, IMechE advises governments to prioritize support investment in cold chain infrastructure to improve food security, underpin development and help alleviate poverty.

• Publication date : 2014/12/04

First World Ventilation Day set for November 8

World Ventilation Day will be inaugurated on 8th November 2022, at the initiative of several organisations around the world including UNEP.

• Publication date : 2022/11/07
• Subjects: General information

Cold chain research centre in Rwanda receives UK funding

The Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold chain (ACES) has received funding to support its cold chain research activities in Africa until 2025.

• Publication date : 2022/09/26
• Subjects: Developing country

Launching of the ROCA project for sustainable cooling in francophone African countries

From 2021 to 2024, the ROCA project aims to promote sustainable and energy-efficient cooling in four French-speaking African countries: Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Mali and Senegal....

• Publication date : 2021/10/04
• Subjects: Environment, Developing country

ICR2011 highlights: indoor air-quality issues in passive buildings

Polish specialists recommend mechanical ventilation for passive buildings

• Publication date : 2012/03/13

HFC supply within the EU drops by 29% in 2015.

The first year of the phase-down mechanism already shows some results.

• Publication date : 2017/02/21
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Always closer to absolute zero

NIST physicists have cooled a mechanical object to a temperature below the so-called “quantum limit.”

• Publication date : 2017/06/29

Innovative system to cool spacecraft on long missions

An innovative cooling system developed by a team of mechanical engineers has proven successful in testing aboard the International Space Station.

• Publication date : 2018/05/17

For IIR members only

EU reports shortage of RAC technicians

In the latest edition of the labour shortages and surpluses report, the European Labour Authority identified 11 countries with severe shortage of air conditioning and refrigeration...

• Publication date : 2024/11/21
• Subjects: General information

United States: the job market in the HVACR sector is growing strongly

367,900 heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers were employed in the US in 2018, up by 37.5% compared to 2012. This increase should continue in the next 10 years.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30
• Subjects: General information

A new African Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain

A new African Centre of Excellence for sustainable cooling and cold chain (ACES) based in Rwanda, will help African farmers get their produce to market quickly and efficiently, thus reducing food waste, boosting...

• Publication date : 2020/11/05
• Subjects: Technology

Book your spot! Training session on refrigerated transport equipment

On 9 October 2023, the Wageningen Academy is organising a one-day training session on refrigerated transport for industry professionals.

• Publication date : 2023/09/04

Brazil: 94.5% employability rate for trained professionals in the refrigeration sector

The refrigeration course offered by the SENAI, the National Service of Industrial Learning in Brazil, has a 94.5% employability rate for its graduates.

• Publication date : 2024/11/06
• Subjects: Figures, economy

NASRC launches R-TRADE to address U.S. refrigeration technician shortage

With support from major companies, the NASRC’s R-TRADE program aims to train over 14,000 technicians in sustainable refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2024/11/29

CO2 training courses in France

Climate change concerns and increasing use of natural refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) are driving demand for natural refrigerant training courses.

• Publication date : 2011/12/14

How to adapt in a world at 50°C? Learn more at the IMechE conference this September

On September 6-8, 2023, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) will host its 1st International Conference and Workshop on Climate Adaptation and Resilience in London.

• Publication date : 2023/09/05
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Event report: Institute of Mechnanical Engineers

The Institute of Mechanical Engineers organized its “Transforming Technologies Conference” on new developments in refrigeration and air conditioning in London, UK, on March 9, 2011. D. Coulomb, Director of the IIR, chaired the conference.

• Publication date : 2011/05/19

ENOUGH Project: Joint Statement on Food Waste Reduction

The ENOUGH project has joined efforts to call for rigorous food waste reduction measures in Europe.

• Publication date : 2023/12/08

Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?

If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.

• Publication date : 2015/10/27

IIR Informatory Note highlights global air conditioning's CO2 emissions and energy impact

The IIR has modelled current and future CO2 emissions attributable to air conditioning in different regions of the world.

• Publication date : 2024/08/01
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Environment

Two new IIR Informatory Notes on Energy Recovery!

The IIR has just published two new Informatory Notes on energy recovery: one on Energy Recovery in Mechanical Ventilation Systems and the other one on Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Equipment. 

• Publication date : 2021/06/29

Call for abstracts now open: 10th IIR Conference on Caloric Cooling and Applications of Caloric Materials (Thermag 2022)

To be hosted by the University of Ljubljana – Faculty of Mechanical Engineering this August, the call for abstracts has been launched for the 10th edition of the IIR Thermag conference...

• Publication date : 2022/01/21
• Subjects: Technology

News from IIR members: Nestlé

Nestlé is conducting unique research with the Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research in Switzerland (SLF) with a view to identifying the main mechanisms that alter the texture and structure of ice cream.

• Publication date : 2012/06/25

The IIR publishes two new IIR Informatory Notes on Energy Recovery!

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has just published two new Informatory Notes on energy recovery: one on Energy Recovery in Mechanical Ventilation Systems and the other one on Air-to-Air Energy...

• Publication date : 2021/07/13
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Highlights from the 52nd International HVACR Congress and Exhibition

The opening ceremony of the 52nd International HVACR Congress and Exhibition was led by the President of the Association for HVAC and by the Vice President of the Serbian Union of Mechanical and...

• Publication date : 2022/05/05
• Subjects: General information

Book your spot! Training session on food refrigeration systems

From July 1 to 5 2024, Professor Don Cleland will be leading a training  workshop in London entitled “Cost-Effective Refrigeration”. 

• Publication date : 2024/05/28

IJR among 10 most influential publications in Thermal Sciences

According to the 2024 Google Scholar Metrics ranking, the International Journal of Refrigeration ranks among the top 10 most cited publications in the thermal sciences...

• Publication date : 2024/10/01
• Subjects: General information

IIR member news: AFF

The French Association of Refrigeration (AFF) recently published an online study evaluating current availability of training for CO2, ammonia and hydrocarbon refrigerants, as well as needs assessment.

• Publication date : 2014/11/24
• Subjects: Environment

Call for candidates for the Presidency and Governance of the IIR’s Careers in Refrigeration (CaRe) working group

The IIR’s CaRe (Careers in Refrigeration) working group is seeking a new President, Vice-Presidents and a Secretary to undertake activities until the next ICR2027 in South Korea. 

• Publication date : 2024/04/25

Focus on Shecco's Virtual Trade Show, the IoR annual conference and the 13th IEA Heat Pump Conference

Focus on the latest events in which the IIR has been involved. 

• Publication date : 2021/04/29

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

For IIR members only

Global cold storage capacity

This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

• Last update : 2021/12/06
• Langues : English
• Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables