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IIR document

A quick, reliable solution for modelling cheese chilling process.

• Author(s) : HOANG D., LOVATT S., CARSON J.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Tunnels de refroidissement : derniers développements en efficacité énergétique.

Cooling tunnels: latest developments in energy efficiency.

• Author(s) : HUFFSCHMIDT D., MARRO G., SALEM A.
• Publication date: 2014/07
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Tightness, Generality, Food, Ventilation, Tunnel, Rapid chilling, Energy saving, Natural cold
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 103 - n. 1145

IIR document

Analysis of temperature rapid rise phenomenon during damper-off cycle in side-by-side frost-free refrigerator.

• Author(s) : YANG Y., HUANG D., ZHAO R., GUO W., WEI X.
• Publication date: 2022/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Temperature, Refrigerator, Defrosting, Damper, CFD, Modelling, Convection
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 133
• Formats : PDF

A rapid sample-exchange mechanism for cryogen-free dilution refrigerators compatible with multiple high-frequency signal connections.

• Author(s) : BATEY G., CHAPPELL S., CUTHBERT M. N., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/03
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics - vol. 60

A primer on refrigerants. 4.

• Author(s) : RAVINDRA D.
• Publication date: 2014/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, R744, Ammonia, India, Refrigerant, CO2
• Source: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal - vol. 17 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The opportunity for rapid transition to energy efficient low-GWP alternatives for building air [conditioning] chillers.

• Author(s) : ANDERSEN S. O., GLUCKMAN R., HILLBRAND A., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, Low GWP, Chiller, HFO, HFC, Energy efficiency, Retrofitting, Refrigerant, Air conditioning
• Source: 1^st IIR international conference on the application of HFO refrigerants, Birmingham, September 2-5 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Energy efficiency gains with lower global warming impact: a profile of air conditioners using R-290.

• Author(s) : CEEW, NRDC, IGSD
• Publication date: 2014/11/30
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Economy, Low GWP, Air conditioner, Propane, India, Hydrocarbon, Environment, Energy efficiency, Energy saving, Refrigerant, Air conditioning
• Source: www.ceew.in

Evaluation of stainless steel press fittings for use in transcritical R744 refrigeration systems.

• Author(s) : LAWRENCE N., ELBEL S., RAJ S., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Natural refrigerants: continued growth & innovation in Europe.

• Author(s) : MASSON N., JIA H., BURKEL S.
• Publication date: 2014/01/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Industrial application, Household application, Food application, Commercial application, Cold chain, Car, Transport, Supermarket, Substitute, Europe, Environment, Refrigerant, Air conditioning

IIR document

Effect of impinging jet on rapid cooling of a miniature Joule-Thomson cryocooler: Experimental study of operating conditions.

• Author(s) : XIAO X., MU Q., LI X., HUANG T., CHEN J., HOU J., ZHANG X., HUANG L.
• Publication date: 2024/10
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 166
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental investigation on the pull-down performance of a -80°C ultra-low temperature freezer.

• Author(s) : WANG H., SONG Y., CAO F.
• Publication date: 2020/11
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 119
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A pressure and temperature cycling test stand with hot-gas bypass control for evaluation of adhesive joints in HVAC&R applications.

• Author(s) : LIU H., WEIBEL J. A., GEOGHEGAN P., GROLL E. A.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 136
• Formats : PDF

State of the art of research and applications of low-carbon refrigerants.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : CHEN G., GAO N., PIAO C.
• Publication date: 2016/01
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Thermodynamic property, Review, Performance, Flammability, Environment, Refrigerant
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 437 - n. 168
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

In-situ swelling behaviour of polymer materials in sub- and supercritical carbon dioxide.

• Author(s) : GERMANUS J., JUNK M.
• Publication date: 2023/04/27
• Languages : English
• Source: 10^th IIR Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technologies.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An investigation of refrigerant leakage in commercial refrigeration.

• Author(s) : FRANCIS C., MAIDMENT G., DAVIES G.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : United Kingdom, Refrigerating system, Supermarket, Survey, Leakage, Refrigerant, Containment
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 74
• Formats : PDF

Drinks turned ice cold in under 45 seconds

The V-Tex, a machine that uses an innovative , turns beverages from room temperature to 4°C in 45 seconds or less.

• Publication date : 2013/12/19

Refrigeration reduces the glycemic index of cooked rice

Several studies highlight the benefits of refrigeration on the glycaemic index of rice, which is important in the control of chronic diseases such as diabetes.

• Publication date : 2022/12/05
• Subjects: General information

Reducing post-harvest food losses in sub-Saharan Africa 

To strengthen the cold chain for fruit and vegetables in sub-Saharan Africa, sustainable measures and the use of precooling are recommended in a review article. 

• Publication date : 2022/12/15
• Subjects: Developing country

Overview of data center cooling technologies

The very huge growth in Internet traffic requires the continued development of new energy-efficient data center cooling technologies, based primarily on liquid...

• Publication date : 2022/12/15
• Subjects: Technology

Snapshot of air conditioning in the MENA region and Türkiye

The Cool Up programme monitors the status, developments, insights, and good practice examples regarding sustainable cooling in the MENA region.

• Publication date : 2023/06/12
• Subjects: General information

Road to COP28: Energy efficiency, the key to sustainable cooling in Africa

According to Francis Sempore, director of ECREEE, energy efficiency is a key sustainability issue that needs to be promoted, funded and supported through the implementation of...

• Publication date : 2023/09/25
• Subjects: Developing country

Extreme heat reduces productivity in global economies

In a recent report, a non-profit organisation examined how global warming is affecting the economy and labour productivity in 12 major urban areas worldwide. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Is super-cooling better than chilling for seafood products?

Super-cooled storage is a novel technique that better preserves the texture and freshness of fish and extends shelf life compared to chilling. 

• Publication date : 2024/02/29
• Subjects: Technology

Growth of the global refrigerated display cabinets market

The refrigerated display cases market has been growing steadily for the past few years. Various market research analysts suggest that this growth will continue due to increasing demand from the food and beverage...

• Publication date : 2021/09/07
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Must read in IJR: a comprehensive review on fault detection in HVAC systems

The latest research and developments in the fault detection and diagnostics of HVAC systems are presented in several articles recently published in the IJR.

• Publication date : 2023/02/13
• Subjects: Technology

For IIR members only

Adopting energy-efficient cooling technologies can save over $6 trillion in developing economies

A recent report by the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and UNEP-led Cool Coalition modelled how adopting sustainable cooling can reduce electricity consumption in developing...

• Publication date : 2024/10/23
• Subjects: General information

3D printing for passive buildings

3D printing of buildings, which has advantages in terms of cost and speed of construction, can also facilitate the design of near zero energy buildings. 

• Publication date : 2021/03/29

China: record temperatures in Beijing increase cooling demand

In June 2023, Beijing recorded its hottest temperatures in 60 years, affecting electricity and cooling demand.

• Publication date : 2023/06/26
• Subjects: General information

ICR 2019: an overview of current refrigeration research (part II)

Presentation of the main scientific and technical topics covered in the papers of the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration and summary of some of the 14 keynotes.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

A must-read in the IJR: a review of storage temperatures for biological material

To improve storage efficiency, the authors of a review article take stock of storage temperatures for biological material (cells, proteins, DNA, etc).

• Publication date : 2024/04/26
• Subjects: Technology

International events: Interclima

Interclima took place on February 5-8, 2008. The IIR and the French Refrigeration Association (AFF) ran stands and launched Refrigeration Year. Appropriately, a 100-year-old ice machine, La Rapide, was demonstrated by its owner, Mr Alain Guyard,...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

Alex Cohr Pachai's Presentation at IOR TechTalk in London

We are excited to announce that Alex Cohr Pachai, a distinguished expert in refrigeration technology, will be leading the next IOR TechTalk.

• Publication date : 2023/10/31
• Subjects: General information

Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?

If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.

• Publication date : 2015/10/27

The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine 

Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...

• Publication date : 2020/11/23
• Subjects: Technology, General information

Another successful IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference 2016

Dedicated to natural refrigerants, mainly ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, Gustav Lorentzen 2016 was a great success attracting over 270 people and more than 145 papers from leading international researchers and industrialists.

• Publication date : 2016/09/14

Watch our side event at COP27

COP27 will mark the 30th anniversary of the adoption of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

• Publication date : 2022/10/25
• Subjects: Environment

IIR engages in COP13/MOP36 and COP29 to highlight the key role of sustainable refrigeration for all in handling climate change

Two major events in the fight against climate change and protecting the future of our planet, COP13/MOP36 and COP29, are held in October and November. The IIR is taking part in these United Nations conferences...

• Publication date : 2024/10/31
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment, General information

Discover the new IIR Publications Catalogue Update 2018

Regrouping the newest publications and works of the IIR in all fields of refrigeration, the IIR Publications Catalogue Update 2018 is now available.

• Publication date : 2018/06/28

Join the IIR to stay up-to-date!

The world of refrigeration is changing rapidly and must continue to accelerate its adaptation to the challenges of climate change: very low greenhouse effect refrigerants, greatly increased energy efficiency,...

• Publication date : 2021/12/15

Become a member of the IIR to stay up-to-date!

Access, join, engage! The world of refrigeration is changing rapidly and must continue to accelerate its adaptation to the challenges of climate change. Join the IIR and become a part of an international...

• Publication date : 2024/01/24
• Subjects: General information

New IIR Informatory Note on Whole Body Cryotherapy/Cryostimulation 

Providing key insight in the field of cryostimulation, and particularly whole body and partial body cryotherapy, the new Informatory Note of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) explores the...

• Publication date : 2020/12/02
• Subjects: Technology

Press release: The IIR Launches Quiz on The Impact of Refrigeration on the Climate Change

In conjunction with the newly released 35th IIR Informatory Note on The Impact of the Refrigeration Sector on Climate Change, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has launched a quiz on “Refrigeration and the environment”, which...

• Publication date : 2017/12/14

REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE achievements!

After 3 years of hard work, the REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE consortium is pleased to announce the achievements of this European funded project to develop an EU-wide training on alternative low GPW...

• Publication date : 2020/06/29
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Cooling Keeps Food Fresh : Global Campaign Announced for World Refrigeration Day, June 26

Since 2019, June 26 celebrates the World Refrigeration Day. With increasing global stakes at hand over the past years, refrigeration took a leading role at the heart of international...

• Publication date : 2022/05/25
• Subjects: Environment

Happy New Year 2022!

Best wishes from the IIR.

• Publication date : 2021/12/23

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction