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Napredak u ocuvanju životne sredine: uloga upravljanja cvrstim otpadom.
Advances in environmental preservation: the role of solid waste management.
IIR document
Theoretical investigation of a novel unitary solid desiccant air conditioner.
Design and modelling of a study platform for solid desiccant- vapour kinetics.
CFD simulation methodology for gas-solid flow in bypass pneumatic conveying – A review.
Experimental performances and optimization of a solid/gas thermochemical process for solar cooling.
Fundamental motion relation of different solid phase shifters of pulse tube cryocooler.
Active control of supercooling degree using surfactant (In system with solid–liquid interface).
Sublimation of solid CO2 dry ice for cooling at low temperatures below -50°C.
Simulation of solid-state magnetocaloric refrigeration systems with Peltier elements as thermal diodes.
Characterization of solid desiccant for dehumidification applications.
Fluid dynamical approaches for designing advanced cathode of solid oxide fuel cells.
Exergy analysis of vacuum ice production device by solid adsorption.
Étude expérimentale de l’identification de l’interface solide-liquide d’un Matériau à Changement de Phase.
Experimental study on the solid-liquid interface identification in a Phase Change Material (PCM).
Solution innovante pour la logistique à température dirigée : Production de froid autonome par procédé thermochimique solide-gaz.
Innovative solution for controlled temperature logistics: Autonomous cold production through thermochemical solid-gas process.
Experimental study on the solid-liquid equilibrium of cryogenic methane mixture propellant.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
38 results
Out of the ordinary: Keeping clay soldiers (relatively) cool
The largest group of terracotta figures ever lent by China was on display at the British Museum until April 6, 2008. The Chinese government required the 20 warriors to be kept at temperatures of 22°C + 2°C and at humidity levels of 45% RH + 8%, a...
Caloric cooling: state of the art and perspectives
A recent IJR article reviews the most significant results obtained over the past ten years in the field of magnetocaloric cooling and more recently in the field of electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling. It also presents the...
Singapore experiments with outdoor air thermoelectric cooling
In Singapore, the terrace of a riverside restaurant and children play areas are now cooled by a solid-state thermoelectric cooling technology.
Cryopreservation techniques in reproductive medicine: improving cell survival after warming
A recent literature review presents the technical progress in cryopreservation techniques. The vitrification concept is presented as crucial to ensure cell survival after cryopreservation.
Ionocaloric cooling: a new technology under development in the US
A cooling technique using liquid-to-solid phase change fcould be an alternative to vapour compression systems, according to researchers at the University of Berkeley.
Cryogenic carbon capture technologies
Cryogenic carbon capture is in the early stages of development, however, several projects have achieved a Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6, for applications such as blue...
The benefits of 3D printing in refrigeration and air conditioning
The various applications of 3D printing in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning highlight possible tremendous advantages in terms of energy efficiency and cost minimisation.
Reducing the environmental impact of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems
Ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration systems often use very high-GWP HFCs. Yet, ULT systems are excluded from the scope of the regulations aimed at phasing-down HFCs. An IJR paper reviews the most promising...
Producing ammonia using less energy
Scientists at the Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed an improved catalyst facilitating the synthesis of ammonia at merely 50°C (when conventional techniques require temperatures of 450°C).
LEGO® block structures as a solution for cryogenic temperature insulation?
British researchers have cooled LEGO® blocks at a temperature of a few mK in an experiment which reveals a possible new application for the material which composes the popular toy.
Inauguration of the largest LNG-powered cruise ship
In November 2022, MSC Cruises held a naming ceremony for MSC World Europa, the world’s largest LNG-powered cruise ship and one of the first to incorporate fuel cell...
Artemis I mission: cryogenic system failure delays launch
Due to a liquid hydrogen leak in the rocket's core stage, NASA is postponing the launch of the Artemis I mission until late September or October 2022.
How to cool the nuclear reactors of the future?
Researchers at the Tokyo Institute of Technology are paving the way for cooling fusion reactors, following a historic breakthrough in nuclear fusion.
A must-read in the IJR: a review of storage temperatures for biological material
To improve storage efficiency, the authors of a review article take stock of storage temperatures for biological material (cells, proteins, DNA, etc).
A refrigeration system to produce freshwater in arid areas
A team of researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China demonstrated how integrating adsorption cooling and a heat pump system can improve the productivity of an...
IIR news
31 results
IJR editorial: The cop on climate change: a growing presence of refrigeration issues to be consolidated
The Conference of the Parties on climate change was held in Sharm-El-Sheikh (Egypt) from Sunday 6 November to Sunday 20 November 2022. Generally speaking, this COP did not result in the decisions and actions...
New IIR Working Group on Solid-State Cooling and Heating
Initiated by Andrej Kitanovski (Slovenia), this working group's first objective is to promote international research collaboration in the areas of solid-state cooling, heat pumps, and energy...
Invitation to join the IIR working group: Solid-state cooling and heating
Established last year, this latest IIR working group aims to promote international research collaboration to provide energy efficient and environmentally friendly solutions for a variety of solid-state...
Walk-in cold rooms: webinar replay and slides now available
Thank you for taking part in our second webinar! You can now download the slides and watch the replay on the IIR YouTube channel. Furthermore, the overview guide is also available in...
Call for industrial partners for joint industry cryogenics project linked to LNG production
Become a project partner: Join the Joint Industry Project of MINES ParisTech – ARMINES “Evaluation of the crystallization risk in LNG production”.
New IIR Informatory Note on caloric cooling technologies
IIR’s 50th Informatory Note on refrigeration technologies focuses on three promising alternative solid-state cooling technologies: magnetocaloric, electrocaloric and...
UN Environment and IIR reinforce partnership
In order to formalise their existing partnership, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and the UN Environment signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) during the 31st Meeting of the parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP).
New Working Group: Cooling and Refrigeration Emissions and Energy Data Working Group (CREED)
IIR and UNEP-led Cool Coalition are excited to announce the formation of a new working group titled "Cooling and Refrigeration Emissions and Energy Data Working Group (CREED)"
Walk-In Cold Rooms: A Practitioner’s Technical Guide
In many developing countries, agriculture is crucial to livelihoods, and developing the cold chain from field to table can boost incomes and stimulate economic growth. Cold stores are an essential link in the...
Join our second Webinar on Walk-In Cold Rooms on June 11!
Book your seat! Register to the second webinar in our '"Cool Insights" series highlighting the use of walk-in cold rooms for precooling and storage of fresh produce in the Global South.
Past events: the IIR Worldwide - Mars 2023
The Director General of the IIR was at the 2nd International Symposium on "Refrigeration, Energy and the Environment” in Tunisia and the beginning of 2023 was marked by the active participation of the...
New IIR Informatory Note: “Whole Body Cryotherapy/Cryostimulation”
Learn about the latest advances and the challenges related to these rapidly developing techniques.
The IIR launches a call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
All professionals in the field of low-temperature technologies are called and are strongly encouraged to strictly adhere to the internationally established and approved definitions, by the International...
Call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
7th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain – Call for Abstracts Now Open!
The call for abstracts is now open for the 7th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain, which is due to take place in Newcastle (UK) on April 11-13, 2022.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
5 results
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
