Search results

IIR document

Integrated cryogenic quantum refrigeration of electrons.

• Author(s) : YAZAWA K., SHAKOURI A.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Superconduction, Joule-Thomson, Equilibrium, Modelling, Fermi, Electron, Cryocooler, Cryogenics, COP
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Electron-beam generated macroporous cryogels.

• Author(s) : REICHELT S.
• Publication date: 2016/09/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cryobiology, Polymer, Porous medium, Expérimentation, Electron
• Source: 2^nd IIR Workshop on cold applications in life sciences.
• Formats : PDF

PHEMT as a circuit element for high impedance nanopower amplifiers for ultra-low temperatures application.

• Author(s) : KOROLEV A. M., SHULGA V. M., GRITSENKO I. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Electronics, Low temperature, Transistor, Expérimentation, Electron, Cryogenics
• Source: Cryogenics - vol. 67

IIR document

Cryo-SEM as a suitable tool to study vitrification in cryopreserved tissue.

• Author(s) : SCHNEIDER TEIXEIRA A., MOLINA-GARCÍA A. D.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vitrification, Tissue, Electron, Cryomicroscopy, Cryopreservation
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Design and operational experience of the superconducting third-harmonic cavity at SLS and ELETTRA.

• Author(s) : ANGHEL A., GEISELHART C., PORTMANN W., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superconduction, Superconducting cavity, Operation, Design, Electron, Cryogenics
• Source: Cryogenics 2014. Proceedings of the 13^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 7-11, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance evaluation and parametric optimum design of a thermoelectric refrigerator driven by a dye-sensitized solar cell.

• Author(s) : SU S., CHEN X., WANG J., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Thermoelectricity, Performance, Optimization, Solar energy, Electron
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 60
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Efficiency of operation of cryogenic system of superconducting wigglers with cryocoolers.

• Author(s) : KHRUSCHEV S., MEZENTSEV N., SHKARUBA V., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/05/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superconduction, Radiation, Liquid helium, Two-stage system, Performance, Expérimentation, Electron, Cryocooler, Accelerator
• Source: Cryogenics 2019. Proceedings of the 15^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 8-11, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Cooling of electronic devices: Nanofluids contribution.

• Author(s) : COLANGELO G., FAVALE E., MILANESE M., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/12/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Electronic component, Heat transfer, Cooling, Review, Nanofluid, Miniaturization
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 127

Investigation of the electrochemical looping heat pump in heating mode.

• Author(s) : PERGANTIS E.N., BRAUN J. E., GROLL E. A., ZIVIANI D.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamic cycle, Fuel cell, Heat pump, Low GWP, COP, Electron, Heating, Modelling
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

A review of small heat pipes for electronics.

• Author(s) : CHEN X., YE H., FAN X., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/03/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pipe, Electronics, Manufacture, Cooling, Review, Material
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 96

Nuevos avances en expansión electrónica.

New progress in electronic expansion valves.

• Author(s) : SANZ F., OTTEN M., SAAR J., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/07
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Thermostatic expansion valve, Generality, Electronic expansion valve, Development
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 43 - n. 482
• Formats : PDF

Performance of a thermoelectric cooling system integrated with a gravity-assisted heat pipe for cooling electronics.

• Author(s) : SUN X., ZHANG L., LIAO S.
• Publication date: 2017/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pipe, Gravity, Electronics, Electronic component, Heat transfer, Thermoelectricity, Cooling, Modelling
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 116

IIR document

Air-driven cooling device for high tech electronics.

• Author(s) : VACEK V., DOUBEK M.
• Publication date: 2016/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Electronics, Low temperature, Vortex tube, Air cooler, Prototype, Heat exchanger
• Source: 12^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2016). Proceedings. Édimbourg, United Kingdom, August 21st-24th 2016.
• Formats : PDF

An ultra-thin miniature loop heat pipe cooler for mobile electronics.

• Author(s) : ZHOU G., LI J., LV L.
• Publication date: 2016/10/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pipe, Electronics, Cooling, Performance, Miniaturization, Testing
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 109, part A

CFD study of constructal microchannel networks for liquid-cooling of electronic devices.

• Author(s) : RUBIO-JIMENEZ C. A., HERNANDEZ-GUERRERO A., CERVANTES J. G., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Electronics, CFD, Microchannel, Liquid, Design, Cooling, Simulation
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 95

Briefs: LG Electronics

LG Electronics announced recently that the company continued its run as the top air conditioners manufacturer for the 7th consecutive year. According to Fuji-Keizai Co. Ltd, LG sold 12.3 million air-conditioning units worldwide in 2006,...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Briefs: Electronic air conditioning

David Sattler, from Sattler Consulting, a Melbourne-based firm (Australia) was awarded an AUD 80000 federal government grant to further his work on a new type of air conditioner, allowing for large cooling effects (and a heating potential) with...

• Publication date : 2011/02/11

The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment

According to the Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive Annex II, "Equipment containing gases that are ozone depleting or have a global warming potential (GWP) above 15, such as those contained in foams and refrigeration...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

LG Electronics leads AC world sales

LG Electronics, a Korean company, sold more than 10 million air-conditioning units in 2004, making it the largest company in the world in terms of AC market share. This marks the fifth successive year LG has held the top spot in air conditioner...

• Publication date : 2005/03/15

China: expanding electronic expansion valve market

Electronic expansion valves are mainly used in inverter air conditioners to automatically adjust refrigerant flow to achieve better energy-saving performance. This technology is one of the 30 key energy-saving technologies promoted by the Chinese...

• Publication date : 2011/06/08

New magnetic nanocooling technology decreases the environmental impact of cooling and avoids side effects of magnetic fields on electronics

Researchers from the University of Cambridge, UK, and CICnanoGUNE in Spain have developed new cooling technology for the thermal management of computer chips and other miniaturized devices. It utilizes materials that change temperature when...

• Publication date : 2013/08/19

World's smallest electronic expansion valve

Danfoss recently presented a small electronic expansion valve, especially used for air conditioners with variable refrigerant flow.

• Publication date : 2020/07/01

A new track for efficient cooling of electronics.

Cooling is imperative to prolonging electronic lifespan and to allow a reduction in energy use.

• Publication date : 2015/10/08

Visualization of artificial proteins with cryo-electron microscopy

A team of researchers managed to visualize the atomic structure of peptoids.

• Publication date : 2019/12/30

The challenges of thermal management of next-generation electronic equipment

With the increasing integration and miniaturization of electronic devices, the heat flows they generate are constantly increasing. Spray cooling has many advantages in this regard. 

• Publication date : 2023/03/27

Cryo-electron microscopy wins the 2017 chemistry Nobel Prize

On October 2017, Jacques Dubochet (Switzerland), Joachim Frank (USA) and Richard Henderson (UK) were awarded the chemistry Nobel Prize for cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM).

• Publication date : 2017/12/18

A nanoelectronic chip cooled to the world record temperature of 2.8 mK

A group of researchers of the University of Basel succeeded in cooling a nanoelectronic chip to a temperature very close to absolute zero thanks to magnetic cooling.

• Publication date : 2018/03/22

Data centres: the challenges of energy-efficient chip cooling

Innovative liquid cooling solutions are under development to further reduce energy consumption in the ever-growing number of data centres. 

• Publication date : 2024/01/26
• Subjects: Technology

Progress in electrocaloric cooling

A team of researchers develop a new material with electrocaloric effects over a wider temperature range.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

Recent overview of research on electrocaloric cooling

A recent literature review presents an overview of research on electrocaloric cooling. The authors addressed the following topics: thermodynamic cycles, electrocaloric materials, experimental devices, numerical...

• Publication date : 2021/01/04
• Subjects: Technology

FRIDOC now features a selection of MDPI articles on refrigeration

About 150 articles from MDPI journals, including review articles on various refrigeration technologies, are available in FRIDOC.

• Publication date : 2022/07/28
• Subjects: General information

Cooling data centres: A major economic challenge

Larger data centres can use a staggering amount of energy just to ensure the day-to-day running of electronic equipment. As a result, these data centres can produce a great deal of heat, which require large-scale cooling systems in order to...

• Publication date : 2017/03/29

The IIR launches a brand new website

With a fresh and modern design that will adapt to any electronic device for comfortable viewing, the new website of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) will provide user-friendly access to the most relevant information in...

• Publication date : 2020/03/31

Newsletter survey: outcome

Many thanks to those of you - over 300 - who devoted a little time to answering the "Newsletter of the IIR …What do you think of it?" survey issued in Newsletter No. 19. A striking feature of this survey was the high level of satisfaction it...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

The new e-Bulletin

Many of you are already aware that the Bulletin of the IIR is now being provided in electronic form. The new e-Bulletin, available via Internet, contains all the information provided in the paper version of the Bulletin: abstracts of articles and...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

News from IIR members: Solar hybrid air conditioner launched by LG

LG Electronics (LG) recently announced Korea's first eco-friendly residential hybrid air conditioner that utilizes solar energy as part of its power supply. By combining power generated through the solar cell module attached to the top of the...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

IIR committee meetings

The Management Committee (MC) of the IIR met in Paris on November 29, 2005. On November 28, two other meetings took place: the Publications Sub-Committee (PSC) meeting and the meeting of the representatives of the Science and Technology Council to...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

IIR committee meetings in Beijing

The Management Committee of the IIR met in Beijing on March 25, 2006. Two other meetings took place the same week: the Publications Sub-Committee (PSC) meeting and the meeting of the representatives of the Science and Technology Council to the...

• Publication date : 2006/05/05

IIR Committee meetings

- The Management Committee (MC) of the IIR, chaired by H. van der Ree, met at the head office of the IIR on November 6, 2004. The MC held a large strategic debate on the future, the position of the IIR and communication to be developed,...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Corporate members: news

- During the IIAR's 2008 Ammonia Refrigeration and Conference, the first fundraising event, a golf tournament, was held in order to launch Ammonia Refrigeration Foundation actions. The recently formed foundation will promote charitable,...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) publishes two journals and a newsletter. This editorial focuses on the objectives of these publications that are changing fast in the case of two of them, thanks to new information technologies....

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

IIR committees meetings in Cambridge

The Management Committee of the IIR met in Cambridge (UK) on March 19, 2005. It was invited by the UK Institute of Refrigeration and Cambridge Refrigeration Technology (CRT), thanks to Robert Heap. The main points discussed during were: - the...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

Call for abstracts: IIR Compressors Conference 2020

Set to celebrate its 10th anniversary edition in the series, the IIR next Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants has launched a call for abstracts. Don't miss the deadline!

• Publication date : 2019/11/04

IIR member subscription to the International Journal of Refrigeration just got better!

Since January 2017, not only will IIR members continue to receive the hard copy of the journal but IIR membership will now also give members access to the complete archives of the IJR online.

• Publication date : 2017/01/11

Press release : International Institute of Refrigeration launches new International Journal of Refrigeration online service

As of January 2017, not only will members of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) continue to receive the hard copy of the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) but IIR membership will now also give members access to the...

• Publication date : 2017/01/11

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction