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Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Numerical investigation of air curtain velocity ratio in an open refrigerated display cabinet with dual air curtain.

• Author(s) : CHENG P. S., HSIEH C. H., YU P.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Supermarket, Display cabinet, Modelling, Simulation, Expérimentation, Air curtain, Velocity (fluids, gases)
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Application of short air curtains in retail display refrigerators.

• Author(s) : HAMMOND E., MARQUES C., KETTERINGHAM L.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Technology, Comparison, Display cabinet, Air curtain, Performance
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Numerical simulation of refrigerated air curtain for thermal insulation.

• Author(s) : HADDAR M., BACCAR M., BEN MOUSSA A.
• Publication date: 2016/03/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Jet, Display cabinet, Air curtain, Simulation, Insulation
• Source: 1st International Refrigeration, Energy and Environment Colloquium. Proceedings: Hammamet, Tunisia, March 24-27, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of zone air-conditioning system for factories using air curtains.

• Author(s) : MORI Y., NAGASAKA S., SHINADA N., ZHANG J., GOHDO M., NAKAYAMA H., AO T., MURASE K., SATOH M., KOMADA K., HIROTA M., NISHIMURA A., MARUYAMA N.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air conditioning, Air curtain, Factory, Expérimentation, Simulation, Test room, Temperature, Distribution
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

L'impact d'un rideau d'air.

Impact of an air curtain.

• Author(s) : CLEMENT C., YOUBI-IDRISSI M.
• Publication date: 2016/07
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Liquid nitrogen, Turbulence, Refrigerated transport, Heat transfer, Air curtain, Air flow, Performance, Cryogenics
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 104 - n. 1158

IIR document

Performance comparison between shorter and conventional air curtains in retail display refrigerators.

• Author(s) : PITCHERS S., MARQUES C., REES R., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Commercial refrigerator, Temperature, Air curtain, Air flow, Performance, Expérimentation, Energy saving
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Empirical correlation to estimate the optimum jet velocity of an air curtain.

• Author(s) : GON?ALVES J. C., COSTA J. J., FIGUEIREDO A. R., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Velocity (fluids, gases), Jet, CFD, Heat transfer, Air curtain, Simulation, Performance
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Numerical study of the optimal nozzle width and jet orientation in a downward blowing air curtain.

• Author(s) : GON?ALVES J. C., COSTA J. J., FIGUEIREDO A. R., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Jet, Geometry, CFD, Nozzle, Air curtain, Performance
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Can air curtains be used to build a non-uniform indoor environment and save energy?

• Author(s) : SHEN C., SHAO X., LI X.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat, Air curtain, Simulation, Performance, Energy saving, Air conditioning, Distribution
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Numerical study on the air curtain characteristics of a dual-temperature open display cabinet.

• Author(s) : WANG Y., QIAN S., XU J., LI L., DOU X., LI X., YAN G., YU J.
• Publication date: 2021/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Display cabinet, Open cabinet, Leakage, CFD, Simulation, Air curtain, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 126
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Heat and moisture insulation by means of air curtains: application to refrigerated chambers.

• Author(s) : GIRALDEZ H., PÉREZ-SEGARRA C. D., OLIET C., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Jet, Air curtain, Simulation, Humidity, Cold store, Energy efficiency, Insulation, Condensation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 68
• Formats : PDF

Effect of pre-cooler on supply and return air of air curtain in display cabinet.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : ZHANG W., GONG Y., LU Y.
• Publication date: 2014/04
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Return air, Precooling, Display cabinet, Temperature, Air curtain, Expérimentation
• Source: Journal of Refrigeration - vol. 35 - n. 156
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Numerical and experimental investigations on jet characteristics and airflow patterns related to an air curtain subjected to external lateral flow.

• Author(s) : MOUREH J., YATAGHENE M.
• Publication date: 2016/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Jet, CFD, Turbulence, Air curtain, Air, Expérimentation, Flow
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 67
• Formats : PDF

Experimental analysis of aerothermodynamics performance of the air curtain subject to the systematic crossing of a solid body.

• Author(s) : NASCIMENTO S. M., HEIDINGER G. G., GASPAR P. D., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Energy consumption, Display cabinet, Air curtain, Aerodynamics, Performance, Expérimentation
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 16th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance improvement for an open refrigerated display cabinet by limited coverage on the air curtain opening.

• Author(s) : HUANG S., CHEN Q., LIU G., LIU J., YAN G., HU X., MA H.
• Publication date: 2024/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Display cabinet, Supermarket, Air curtain, Simulation, CFD, Prototype, Energy consumption, Performance, Closed cabinet
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 158
• Formats : PDF

Energy savings in display cabinets

Several new developments make it possible to save energy in display cabinets. - Optimizing air curtain velocity A team at the Air Curtain Research Laboratory at Kettering University in Michigan, US, has modellized the air flow in air curtains and...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

Research & Development: A cooling curtain made of a porous triple-layer membrane

A doctoral student at ETH Zurich's Functional Materials Laboratory has developed a cooling curtain made of a porous triple-layer membrane.

• Publication date : 2017/09/01

Refrigerated display cabinets: saving energy without doors

Refrigerated display cabinets, without glass doors and incorporating a new patented airflow management system, have been installed at a new Tesco Extra eco store in Lincoln, UK.

• Publication date : 2014/06/19

Air conditioners: what will be the next-generation alternative refrigerant?

The direction the global air-conditioner market will take in selecting next-generation alternative to high-GWP HFCs – mainly R410A – is still uncertain; however, some trends can be noted.

• Publication date : 2014/04/11

The global refrigeration compressor market

Bien que pénalisé par la pandémie de Covid-19 qui a fortement impacté le secteur du conditionnement d’air, le marché des compresseurs a progressé dans certains domaines tels que la chaîne du froid, l’industrie...

• Publication date : 2021/04/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy

The life cycle of fluorocarbons: case studies

The Climate and Clean Air Coalition has published a guide for policymakers in which  good practices regarding the life cycle of fluorocarbons are discussed. Concrete examples of refrigerant recycling in...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

How to reuse the condensate water from air conditioners?

Review of the different uses of the condensate water rejected by air conditioners.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: Developing country

New environmental measures are emerging

Two important (for the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector) United Nations conferences take place every year, on ozone depletion and on climate change. The IIR attends these conferences and presents a statement as an intergovernmental...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

High-temperature Superconductivity

Groundbreaking findings on high-temperature superconductivity. A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with virtually no resistance. The phenomenon was discovered by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911 and takes place in certain metals...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

COVID-19 news in the HVAC&R sector

The IIR reviews the available information on the possible impact of air conditioning on the spread of COVID-19 and the recommendations for the operation and maintenance of HVAC systems. Furthermore, several...

• Publication date : 2020/04/05

EU F-Gas review: feedbacks on the preliminary findings of the evaluation study

The preliminary evaluation report submitted in May at the request of the European Commission by Öko-Recherche and Ricardo raised some questions. 

• Publication date : 2021/06/28
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Novel catalysts to address overheating in hypersonic aircraft

Researchers at Australia's RMIT University have developed 3D-printed catalysts to address the challenge of overheating in hypersonic aircraft and possibly other industrial...

• Publication date : 2021/10/22
• Subjects: Technology

ICR 2019: an overview of current refrigeration research (part I)

Presentation of the main scientific and technical topics covered in the papers of the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration and summary of some of the 14 keynotes.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Frost detection and defrosting methods: latest advances

A recent Purdue conference paper presents the state of the art regarding methods for retarding the onset of frosting, frost detection techniques and defrosting strategies, including those based on artificial...

• Publication date : 2023/02/21

Commercial refrigeration: marketing of R471A, a new alternative to R404A

Honeywell recently announced the marketing of R471A, a non-flammable refrigerant with a GWP under 150. It is expected to replace R404A in medium temperature commercial refrigeration...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

The notoriety of the IJR increases further!

The impact factor of the International Journal of Refrigeration increases for the fourth consecutive year. 

• Publication date : 2022/09/28

Member News: Daikin partners with Fujifilm to reduce noise from some of its ventilation/humidification units

The Japanese company Daikin will soon use a new technology to reduce noise in some of its ventilation and humidification units. 

• Publication date : 2022/02/28

OEWG36: Tough week of negotiations, no agreement except possible additional meetings

OEWG 36 spent much of its time focusing on moving the discussion on HFCs management forward.

• Publication date : 2015/07/29
• Subjects: Regulation

Review of F-gas regulation - IIR contribution

The IIR has responded to the European Commission consultation “Fluorinated greenhouse gases – review of EU rules (2015-20)” which aims to collect opinions and suggestions about the update of the F-gas Regulation...

• Publication date : 2020/09/06
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment, HFCs alternatives

New IIR Informatory Note on evaporative cooling

The latest IIR Informatory Note highlights that evaporative cooling is an energy-efficient technology that has many applications in air conditioning but also in short-term food storage. 

• Publication date : 2023/05/27

Highlights from the 46th Montreal Protocol OEWG: Addressing Ozone Depletion and Climate Change Challenges

The 46th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG) of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol took place in Montreal from 8 to 12 July 2024. The IIR took part of the event.  

• Publication date : 2024/08/01

COP22: The role of refrigeration in the combat against climate change

The United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP22) was held in Marrakesh (Morocco), from 7-18 November 2016. It was, in particular, the first meeting of the Parties (CMA1) following the December 2015 Paris Agreement, and its purpose was to...

• Publication date : 2016/11/24

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

In the previous issue of the Newsletter, a special issue on the environment, I announced proposals, from the G8 in particular, concerning accelerated phase-out of HCFCs, along with the importance of the UN Conference on the ozone layer in this...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

News from IIR members: Air Liquide

The world's longest and most powerful superconductor power transmission cable has been connected to the commercial power grid in Holbrook, New York, United States, by the Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) and American Superconductor. The 600-m...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

Paris Agreement adopted during COP21: an accepted common framework for all nations

The Paris Agreement which was adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) on climate change is of the utmost importance.

• Publication date : 2015/12/29

Interview: Director General of the IIR gives an overview of the trends of the refrigeration sector

In the 2018-2019 international special issue of the Industria & Formazione magazine, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration, Didier Coulomb, gives an overview of the impact of the refrigeration sector on climate...

• Publication date : 2019/02/19

Small steps towards a giant leap! Parties to the Montreal Protocol continue discussions on HFCs

Last week saw another step towards a global agreement on the phase down of ozone depleting substances, the event started with a buzz around the new amendment proposals to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2015/04/29
• Subjects: Regulation

IIR Committee meetings

- The Management Committee (MC) of the IIR, chaired by H. van der Ree, met at the head office of the IIR on November 6, 2004. The MC held a large strategic debate on the future, the position of the IIR and communication to be developed,...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

The Beijing Congress

The 22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration will be held in Beijing, China, on August 21-26, 2007. IIR congresses are held every 4 years in various parts of the world, showing the global influence of the IIR. The previous event was held...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

The Beijing Congress

The 22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration will be held in Beijing, China, on August 21-26, 2007. IIR congresses are held every 4 years in various parts of the world, showing the global influence of the IIR. The previous event was held...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information