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IIR document
Performance analysis of a novel air source ammonia/water cascade heat pump for heating buildings in subarctic climate.
Water boiling at low pressure: dynamics of growth and bursting of bubbles in a plate-type evaporator.
Performance evaluation of two stage mechanical vapour recompression with turbo-compressors.
Efficiency enhancement by combining the carbon dioxide process with a water-loop using water as refrigerant.
The potential of water as a refrigerant - past, present and future approaches.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Thermodynamic analysis of a conical screw spindle compressor for R718.
Water (R718) as a low-GWP alternative.
Scaling parameters between ammonia and water.
Novel compressor concept for R718 chillers.
Design recommendations for R-718 heat pumps in high temperature applications.
Theoretical and experimental investigation on a very high temperature heat pump with water refrigerant.
Theoretical analysis and comparison of different heat pump cycles using water as working fluid.
Efficiency enhancement by subcooling the carbon dioxide process with water as refrigerant.
Design of a high-temperature heat pump providing heat up to 200 °C.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
1449 results
News about IIR members: Mr Bertrand Montmoreau
The IIR congratulates Mr Bertrand Montmoreau, who took over as President of AICVF (Association des Ingénieurs en Climatique, Ventilation et Froid), a corporate member of the IIR, in January 2006.
World air-to water heat pumps market
A few figures from the JARN.
Solar panels and a "water battery" to provide chilled water for air conditioners in an Australian university
The University of the Sunshine Coast, in Australia, has announced plans to install a giant "water battery" run by 5,800 solar panels to provide chilled water for air conditioning.
Strong growth of the global ATW heat pump market in 2017
According to JARN, global air-to-water heat pump demand reached 2.66 million units in 2017, 14.8% more than in 2016.
Global air-to-water heat pump market: modest growth in 2023 amid regional variations
According to JARN, the global air-to-water (ATW) heat pump market increased by 0.2% in 2023, reaching close to 5 million units.
How to reuse the condensate water from air conditioners?
Review of the different uses of the condensate water rejected by air conditioners.
World chiller market.
The world demand declined in 2015.
Treated water for district cooling
In Dubai, Empower claims to have saved 735,000 m3 of fresh water last year by using treated water in its district cooling systems.
The Bank of England overhauls chillers
A new cooling system at the Bank of England building, in the City of London, has saved an estimated 48% on cooling energy, which translates to €190,000 a year.
A refrigeration system to produce freshwater in arid areas
A team of researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China demonstrated how integrating adsorption cooling and a heat pump system can improve the productivity of an...
How about refreshing Parisians with the Seine river water... (in French)
Following discussions between the Snefcca - French national trade union for refrigeration, professional cooking facilities and air conditioning companies) and the Paris City Hall (France), the project to use the non-drinking water network in order...
Chilled water cooling pads to reduce heat stress in pigs
A team of scientists at Purdue university in the USA has developed cooling pads to keep pigs cool and reduce the impact of heat stress on milk output and piglet...
2014 world chiller market
Impacted by the economic slowdown in China – the world’s largest chiller market – the global chiller market started to slow and posted a continuous drop in its growth rate.
Meeting the cooling and freshwater needs of arid countries
In a recent review article, the authors summarised research efforts in meeting cooling and freshwater demands in arid and hot climates, using available solar...
Air conditioner wastewater purified for human consumption
In Ecuador, Panasonic developed ACH20, a filtering system that purifies air conditioner wastewater and makes it fit for human consumption.
IIR news
677 results
IIR National Committees: Discover the new bureau of the US National Committee
Following the February 2025 meeting of the USNC/IIR committee meeting, find out more about the new bureau and their activities.
What do refrigeration, air conditioning and social media have in common? A lot!
In 2014, an awareness raising social media campaign by Stephen Gill praising the too often overlooked virtues and benefits of refrigeration caused quite a stir, going viral.
A renewed board and ambition for the French Association of Refrigeration (AFF)
Gérald Cavalier, Director of Cemafroid, took over from Patrick Antoine as head of this century old association
New EU funded project began on October 1st, 2021: “SophiA - Sustainable off-grid solutions for pharmacies and hospitals in Africa”
With a budget of 8 million euros over four years, SophiA will develop containerized solutions for hospitals using natural refrigerants, solar thermal and photovoltaics to enable more and more African people to...
New Patent issued to Prof Eckhard Groll and team for Residential DC Nanogrid System
Professor Eckhard Groll, president of IIR section B, recently received a patent for the intellectual property of his team at Purdue University for a centralised residential DC nanogrid system integrating...
A new Master’s for food security
In September 2013, the Polytechnic Institute of LaSalle in Beauvais, France launched a Master degree in the “Management of Food Safety in Cities”, certified by the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, and partnered with the IIR.
A new start
After 20 years serving the IIR as Director General, Didier Coulomb hands over to Yosr Allouche to manage and develop this organisation.
The IIR website gets a makeover
After three years of existence, the home page of the IIR website has been modernised and its content made more visible. IIR projects are given a special place of honour, with detailed pages dedicated to each of...
Training and courses: New content available
Since its initial publication, a number of new courses have been added to the IIR refrigeration courses and training repertoire.
HARFKO 2015: More successful than ever welcomes UNEP Ozone2Climate Roundtable & Roadshow
Last week the IIR was delighted to participate in the 13th Heating, Air-conditioning, Refrigeration & Fluid Exhibition – KOREA (HARFKO 2015).
The IIR launches a brand new website
With a fresh and modern design that will adapt to any electronic device for comfortable viewing, the new website of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) will provide user-friendly access to the most relevant information in...
Discover the new IIR Publications Catalogue!
Available in print and PDF version, in the IIR 2016/2017 Publications Catalogue you will find our latest and staple publications (including IIR conference proceedings), reference documents, and a list of all our Information Services.
New course on magnetic refrigeration!
The IIR has just published a new course entitled “Magnetic refrigeration” on its website, in the “Courses and training” section.
New European projects for the IIR
In line with its international activities, the IIR is going to take part in two European projects which have just been validated by the European Commission.
Welcome to the new IIR website
We are delighted to introduce the new and improved IIR website.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
19 results
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Events
11 results
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Find out more
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
Sponsored event
2026 China International Heat Pump Conference
October 13, 2026 - October 17, 2026
Shanghai, China
Following the resounding success of the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference (CHPC 2024) in Shenzhen, which gathered over 850 experts and delegates from 33 countries & regions, the upcoming 3rd CHPC in 2026 is poised to further expand its global...
11th IIR Conference on Solid-State Cooling, Heating and Energy Harvesting
June 07, 2026 - June 11, 2026
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Submit your full paper now! The 11th IIR Conference on Solid-State Cooling, Heating and Energy Harvesting (Thermag 2026), to be...
19th IIR Conference on Cryogenics
April 26, 2027 - April 30, 2027
Dresden, Germany
The 19th CRYOGENICS 2027 continues in the series of conferences held every two years. The conference will deal with new challenges of the equipment and technologies with temperatures below 120 K (-153°C), as well as with other...
27th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
August 21, 2027 - August 27, 2027
Seoul, Republic of Korea
Save the date! The International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR) is a leading global event in the field of refrigeration, organised by the International Institute of Refrigeration...
Data Centers at a Crossroads: Energy, Cooling, and Policy Challenges
May 12, 2026
Register...
9th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue
July 12, 2026 - July 16, 2026
West Lafayette, IN, United States
A conference co-sponsored by the IIR Since 1972, Herrick Labs has hosted the premier international conferences on Compressor Engineering, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, and...
21st International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue
28th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Currently accepting full papers! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for...
