Search results

IIR document

Performance analysis of a novel air source ammonia/water cascade heat pump for heating buildings in subarctic climate.

• Author(s) : HOSSEINNIA S. M., AMIRI L., PONCET S.
• Publication date: 2024/08
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 164
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Water boiling at low pressure: dynamics of growth and bursting of bubbles in a plate-type evaporator.

• Author(s) : MANTAROPOULOS P., GIRAUD F., TREMEAC B., TOBALY P.
• Publication date: 2020/12/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2020). Proceedings. Kyoto, Japon, December 7-9^th 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance evaluation of two stage mechanical vapour recompression with turbo-compressors.

• Author(s) : BANTLE M., SCHLEMMINGER C., TOLSTOREBROV I., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Efficiency enhancement by combining the carbon dioxide process with a water-loop using water as refrigerant.

• Author(s) : HANSLIK F., SUESS J., KOEHLER J.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

The potential of water as a refrigerant - past, present and future approaches.

• Author(s) : KLEIN V., SUESS J., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The potential of water as a refrigerant - past, present and future approaches.

• Author(s) : HANSLIK F., SUESS J., KOEHLER J.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic analysis of a conical screw spindle compressor for R718.

• Author(s) : MOESCH T. W., PLESKUN H., KLOTSCHE K., THOMAS C., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Water (R718) as a low-GWP alternative.

• Author(s) : MADSBOLL H., PACHAI A. C.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Scaling parameters between ammonia and water.

• Author(s) : SPINDLER K.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Novel compressor concept for R718 chillers.

• Author(s) : MOESCH T. W., STEFFENS R., SUESS J., BAUER R., KLOTSCHE K., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Design recommendations for R-718 heat pumps in high temperature applications.

• Author(s) : ZÜHLSDORF B., SCHLEMMINGER C., BANTLE M., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Theoretical and experimental investigation on a very high temperature heat pump with water refrigerant.

• Author(s) : WU D., HU B., WANG R. Z.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Theoretical analysis and comparison of different heat pump cycles using water as working fluid.

• Author(s) : WU D., HU B., LIANG J., WANG R. Z.
• Publication date: 2020/12/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2020). Proceedings. Kyoto, Japon, December 7-9^th 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Efficiency enhancement by subcooling the carbon dioxide process with water as refrigerant.

• Author(s) : HANSLIK F., SUESS J., KOEHLER J.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Bomba de calor de alta temperatura usando vapor de agua como refrigerante.

A high temperature heat pump using water vapor as working fluid.

• Author(s) : LARMINAT P. de, ARNOU D., LE SAUSSE P., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09
• Languages : Spanish
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 44 - n. 494
• Formats : PDF

News about IIR members: Mr Bertrand Montmoreau

The IIR congratulates Mr Bertrand Montmoreau, who took over as President of AICVF (Association des Ingénieurs en Climatique, Ventilation et Froid), a corporate member of the IIR, in January 2006.

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

World air-to water heat pumps market

A few figures from the JARN.

• Publication date : 2017/12/11

Solar panels and a "water battery" to provide chilled water for air conditioners in an Australian university

The University of the Sunshine Coast, in Australia, has announced plans to install a giant "water battery" run by 5,800 solar panels to provide chilled water for air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2018/07/09

Strong growth of the global ATW heat pump market in 2017

According to JARN, global air-to-water heat pump demand reached 2.66 million units in 2017, 14.8% more than in 2016.

• Publication date : 2018/09/20
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Global air-to-water heat pump market: modest growth in 2023 amid regional variations

According to JARN, the global air-to-water (ATW) heat pump market increased by 0.2% in 2023, reaching close to 5 million units. 

• Publication date : 2024/09/23
• Subjects: Figures, economy

How to reuse the condensate water from air conditioners?

Review of the different uses of the condensate water rejected by air conditioners.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: Developing country

World chiller market.

The world demand declined in 2015.

• Publication date : 2017/02/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Treated water for district cooling

In Dubai, Empower claims to have saved 735,000 m3 of fresh water last year by using treated water in its district cooling systems.

• Publication date : 2015/09/04
• Subjects: Environment, General information

The Bank of England overhauls chillers

A new cooling system at the Bank of England building, in the City of London, has saved an estimated 48% on cooling energy, which translates to €190,000 a year.

• Publication date : 2016/05/24

A refrigeration system to produce freshwater in arid areas

A team of researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China demonstrated how integrating adsorption cooling and a heat pump system can improve the productivity of an...

• Publication date : 2024/05/29
• Subjects: Technology

How about refreshing Parisians with the Seine river water... (in French)

Following discussions between the Snefcca - French national trade union for refrigeration, professional cooking facilities and air conditioning companies) and the Paris City Hall (France), the project to use the non-drinking water network in order...

• Publication date : 2016/10/10

Chilled water cooling pads to reduce heat stress in pigs

A team of scientists at Purdue university in the USA has developed cooling pads to keep pigs cool and reduce the impact of heat stress on milk output and piglet...

• Publication date : 2023/11/28
• Subjects: Technology

2014 world chiller market

Impacted by the economic slowdown in China – the world’s largest chiller market – the global chiller market started to slow and posted a continuous drop in its growth rate.

• Publication date : 2016/05/02
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Meeting the cooling and freshwater needs of arid countries

In a recent review article, the authors summarised research efforts in meeting cooling and freshwater demands in arid and hot climates, using available solar...

• Publication date : 2023/03/28
• Subjects: Technology

Air conditioner wastewater purified for human consumption

In Ecuador, Panasonic developed ACH20, a filtering system that purifies air conditioner wastewater and makes it fit for human consumption.

• Publication date : 2015/09/03

What do refrigeration, air conditioning and social media have in common? A lot!

In 2014, an awareness raising social media campaign by Stephen Gill praising the too often overlooked virtues and benefits of refrigeration caused quite a stir, going viral.

• Publication date : 2015/07/21

A renewed board and ambition for the French Association of Refrigeration (AFF)

Gérald Cavalier, Director of Cemafroid, took over from Patrick Antoine as head of this century old association

• Publication date : 2013/11/13

New EU funded project began on October 1st, 2021: “SophiA - Sustainable off-grid solutions for pharmacies and hospitals in Africa”

With a budget of 8 million euros over four years, SophiA will develop containerized solutions for hospitals using natural refrigerants, solar thermal and photovoltaics to enable more and more African people to...

• Publication date : 2021/10/21
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment, HFCs alternatives

A new Master’s for food security

In September 2013, the Polytechnic Institute of LaSalle in Beauvais, France launched a Master degree in the “Management of Food Safety in Cities”, certified by the French Ministry of Higher Education and Research, and partnered with the IIR.

• Publication date : 2014/02/05

A new start

After 20 years serving the IIR as Director General, Didier Coulomb hands over to Yosr Allouche to manage and develop this organisation.

• Publication date : 2024/10/03

The IIR website gets a makeover

After three years of existence, the home page of the IIR website has been modernised and its content made more visible. IIR projects are given a special place of honour, with detailed pages dedicated to each of...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

Training and courses: New content available

Since its initial publication, a number of new courses have been added to the IIR refrigeration courses and training repertoire.

• Publication date : 2019/10/21

HARFKO 2015: More successful than ever welcomes UNEP Ozone2Climate Roundtable & Roadshow

Last week the IIR was delighted to participate in the 13th Heating, Air-conditioning, Refrigeration & Fluid Exhibition – KOREA (HARFKO 2015).

• Publication date : 2015/03/18

The IIR launches a brand new website

With a fresh and modern design that will adapt to any electronic device for comfortable viewing, the new website of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) will provide user-friendly access to the most relevant information in...

• Publication date : 2020/03/31

Discover the new IIR Publications Catalogue!

Available in print and PDF version, in the IIR 2016/2017 Publications Catalogue you will find our latest and staple publications (including IIR conference proceedings), reference documents, and a list of all our Information Services.

• Publication date : 2016/06/22

New course on magnetic refrigeration!

The IIR has just published a new course entitled “Magnetic refrigeration” on its website, in the “Courses and training” section. 

• Publication date : 2023/06/28

New European projects for the IIR

In line with its international activities, the IIR is going to take part in two European projects which have just been validated by the European Commission.

• Publication date : 2016/02/24

Welcome to the new IIR website

We are delighted to introduce the new and improved IIR website.

• Publication date : 2020/03/31

A new technical guide on cold rooms

On the occasion of COP 28, the IIR and Efficiency for Access, with the contribution of ESMAP, have published a new guide. It aims to provide accessible and practical guidance to enable developers, owners,...

• Publication date : 2023/11/28

New IIR logo and website: Take a look!

The IIR is pleased to announce the launch of its new brand identity and website.

• Publication date : 2020/03/03

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Kigali Amendment status per country

List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.

• Last update : 2024/11/15
• Langues : English
• Themes : Regulations and standardization (Montreal and Kyoto Protocols…)

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO