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Numerical simulation of wavy liquid film flowing along inclined porous wall.
IIR document
Experimental investigations on the thermal performance of the ventilated BIPV wall.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Determining the heat flow through the cabinet walls of household refrigerating appliances.
Theoretical analysis of water film evaporation characteristics on an adiabatic solid wall.
Optimum R-values of building walls under different climatic conditions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Wall roughness influence on the efficiency characteristics of centrifugal pump.
Comparison and validation of modelling methods for non-homogenous walls incorporating vacuum insulation panels.
Building envelope cooling load study for an indoor snow field with ETFE-roof.
[In Chinese. / En chinois.]
Prediction of the heat gain of external walls: A simplified approach departing from the method of Mackey-and-wright.
Effect of wall inclination in heat transfer characteristic in combined wall and offset jet flows.
A detailed study of the transient behavior of dual-skin chest-freezer with R290.
Experimental research on indoor thermal environment of new rural residence with active solar water heating system and external wall insulation.
The effects of wall curvature and adverse pressure gradient on air ducts in HVAC systems using turbulent entropy generation analysis.
Heat transfer measurement and modelling in a jacketed batch stirred reactor applied to CO2 hydrate formation kinetic study.
Investigation of a mixed effect absorption chiller powered by jacket water and exhaust gas waste heat of internal combustion engine.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
217 results
Performance comparison of R1234yf and R134a
A study published in Applied Thermal Engineering compares the performance of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf as drop-in alternative in automotive air conditioning systems.
Not-in-kind cooling technologies performance comparison
This study proposes a quantitative comparison of refrigerants and system performance of not-in-kind cooling technologies.
Energy efficiency comparison of air-conditioning systems in electric vehicles
A study compares the energy efficiency of conventional refrigeration systems with that of heat pumps in mobile air conditioning. R744, R134a and R1234yf are considered. Reversible heat pumps are found the most energy-efficient systems.
Comparison of the nutritional values of fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables
Researchers compared nutritional values between frozen, fresh and fresh-stored fruits and vegetables.
Comparison of oxygen liquefaction methods for use on the surface of Mars
An article published in Cryogenics reviews the various methods by which oxygen (used with methane as a propellant for ascent from the planet's surface) could be liquefied and stored on the surface of Mars.
Impact of ageing on the energy efficiency of refrigerating household appliances
A recent study shows an average increase in energy consumption of 11% after 2 years of operation and 27% after 16 years for these appliances. Ageing wall insulation and door gasket contribute to this...
French domestic refrigeration appliance market
Growth in domestic refrigeration appliance sales figures has continued in 2010.
Geothermal heat-pump under supermarket car park
Walmart’s new 12,540 m² prototype store in Burlington, ON, Canada is equipped with a geo-heat exchange heating and cooling system using 15 km of pipes under the store’s parking lot.
The race to design individual cooling devices
Cooling individuals would be less energy-consuming and a lot cheaper than cooling entire buildings. Based on that principle, companies, start-ups, and researchers are racing to build wearable devices that can act like mini air-conditioning...
Publication of EU eco-design regulations for commercial refrigeration appliances
The Ecodesign regulations setting energy efficiency requirements for commercial appliances will apply in all 28 EU member states from March 2021.
The United States delays efficiency standards for household appliances
The delay of requirements includes air conditioners, with potential impact on market costs and energy efficiency efforts.
Refrigeration appliances market in Brazil
Due to the increase in IPI (Tax on Industrialised Products) during 2013, and certainly in 2014, refrigeration appliances is expected to see a lower growth rate than expected.
Free GUIDE 2012: Natural Refrigerants – North America’s Market Potential coming in 2012
Following its 2011 global industry survey on natural refrigerants, shecco has launched a new industry survey, this time looking for active input from the heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration industry with operations in Canada, Mexico and...
Temperature and energy performance of domestic cold appliances in England
A paper from A. Biglia et al.presents the results of a large-scale survey of domestic cold appliances in households in England, UK. Simultaneous measurements of the temperature inside and outside of the cold appliances, as well as the electricity...
France: tax on refrigerants does not appear in the public finance draft bill of 2018 (in French)
The tax on refrigerants announced in July 2017 by the French Ministry for the Ecological and Inclusive Transition does not finally appear in the public finance draft bill.
IIR news
153 results
Participation of the IIR in the 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31)
The 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31) took place on November 4-8, 2019 in Italy at FAO headquarters. The Rome declaration on the reduction of food losses was signed.
CYTEF 2022 attracts nearly 200 participants
Held in hybrid format from Cartagena (Spain), CYTEF 2022 attempted to analyse and discuss, in particular, "Synergistic technologies to advance sustainable refrigeration".
ICCC 2018 welcomed nearly 200 participants
Hosted by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration, the 5th IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain welcomed nearly 200 participants this month in Beijing, China.
IIR Working Parties
The IIR has 10 commissions: Cryophysics, cryoegineering (A1); Liquefaction and separation of gases (A2); Thermodynamics and transfer processes(B1); Refrigerating equipment (B2); Cryobiology, cryomedicine (C1); Food science and engineering (C2);...
Participation of the IIR at COP-10
On December 6-18, 2004, over 6100 participants from 169 countries attended the 10th Conference of the Parties (COP-10) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) held at the Rural Exhibition Center in Buenos Aires ,...
25th Conference of the Parties on climate change
During COP25, the Director General of the IIR delivered a statement.
IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference 2018 attracts its largest number of participants yet
With a focus on natural refrigerants, principally ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, the 13th conference in the series attracted the largest number of participants yet, welcoming an impressive 300 individuals from 45 different countries and...
The IIR participated in the South African Road Show
The Department of Environmental affairs of the Republic of South Africa (DEA), in collaboration with UNIDO, organised a Road Show in South Africa on June 11-22, 2018.
The 30th Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol in Quito, Equador
The 30th Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol took place in Quito (Equador) on 5-9 November 2018. Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, made a statement.
Highlights: IIR Cold Chain Conference 2020 Welcomed Over 140 Participants
Offering both on site and online access, the 6th IIR Cold Chain conference was the first ever hybrid IIR conference!
Participate free of charge! IIR Conference on Compressors 2021
Join your peers at the online 10th IIR Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants which begins on January 13, 2021.
The IIR participated in the EC consultation on the F-gas Regulation
In response to the European Commission (EC) consultation, the IIR sent comments on an EC report on the application, effects and adequacy of the F-gas Regulation.
24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Poland
The 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was held in Katowice, Poland, on December 3-14. Didier Coulomb, director of the IIR, made a statement.
Small steps towards a giant leap! Parties to the Montreal Protocol continue discussions on HFCs
Last week saw another step towards a global agreement on the phase down of ozone depleting substances, the event started with a buzz around the new amendment proposals to the Montreal Protocol.
Professionals, participate in a questionnaire on the cold chain of COVID-19 vaccines (in French)
The AFF (French Association of Refrigeration) has just posted a short online questionnaire for vaccines cold chain professionals in order to enrich the work of its...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
12 results
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Events
1 result
Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
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