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IIR document
Effect of different freezing and storage condition on the physical properties of protein coagulum (Firm Tofu).
The effect of supercooling-freezing on inhibition of ice recrystallization during storage.
Investigation on the relationship between freezing temperature and soy protein denaturation.
Investigation on the effect of freezing temperature on soy protein denaturation.
Evaluation of the effect of supercooling applied before ice nucleation during food freezing.
Gelbe Farbabweichungen bei vorverpackten, kühl gelagerten Weisswürsten werden durch Leuconostoc gelidum verursacht.
Yellow discolorations of prepackaged refrigerated German 'Weisswurst' are due to Leuconostoc gelidum.
Temperature increase of foods in car trunk and the potential hazard for microbial growth.
TWO TYPES OF FROZEN AND DRIED PRODUCTS: WAXY RICE AND SOYBEAN PRODUCTS OBTAINED BY THE IMPROVED PROCESSES OF FREEZING AND DRYING.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
43 results
UK: Chilled foods are not so wasteful
The UK Chilled Foods Association (CFA) has responded to criticism that the manufacture and sale of chilled prepared foods is “incredibly wasteful” compared with frozen and ambient foods. CFA emphasizes that just-in-time ingredient sourcing...
Improving cooling towers' efficiency
An article published in Water Technology provides information on cooling towers and their operation.
The cooling tower market within the EMEA zone
The cooling tower market has reached 232.67M€ this year which is a slight increase compared to last year.
New in cooling tower technology.
This process offers greater safety and efficiencies combining the best of wet and dry cooling tower technologies.
ECOFRIDGES in Ghana: positive feedback from beneficiaries
A recent video updates on the ECOFRIDGES GO programme in Ghana, implemented by the Basel Agency for Sustainable Energy (BASE), UNEP’s United for Efficiency (U4E) initiative and the...
Always closer to absolute zero
NIST physicists have cooled a mechanical object to a temperature below the so-called “quantum limit.”
Air conditioning systems in passenger cars
Annual global fitment of air-conditioning units to light vehicles is projected to rise by more than a third from an estimated 57.1 million units in 2013 to 76.1 million by 2018.
Solar cooling: overview of the most promising alternatives
A paper by C. Infante-Ferreira and D.S. Kim, published in the March 2014 special issue of the International Journal of Refrigeration, gives an overview of the most promising alternatives and ranks options according to required investment for...
France: An ice rink on the roof of the Montparnasse Tower in Paris.
From 10 February to 5 March 2017, the Panoramic Observation deck of the Montparnasse Tower turns into an ice rink.
A low-GWP cooling system for the Eiffel Tower
The ageing R407C cooling system in the tower’s west pillar has been replaced with an energy efficient system using low GWP R1234ze(E).
Overview of data center cooling technologies
The very huge growth in Internet traffic requires the continued development of new energy-efficient data center cooling technologies, based primarily on liquid...
Trigeneration: an asset for the world’s "best building"
One Central Park, the newly awarded “best tall building” in Sydney features trigeneration and on-site solar technology.
An overview of the current status of the cold chain in China
A recent review article in the IJR presents the current situation of the various steps of the food cold chain in China, from post-harvest to storage by the final consumer: food losses, refrigerating equipment, refrigerants, policies and regulations.
Windcatchers: the birth of air conditioning and natural refrigeration?
Windcatchers, which can reduce indoor temperatures by around 10°C and store water at near-freezing temperatures during summer months, have been used over centuries in many regions around the world.
Record low temperatures for more reliable quantum computing
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, and the University of Maryland, USA, have engineered a new type of quantum refrigerator, improving upon the performance of the currently used dilution...
IIR news
36 results
Conference update: Baotou
The 4th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag IV) is to take place in Baotou, China, on August 23-27, 2010. Don't miss this fourth cutting-edge event in the series!
Upcoming conferences: Boatou
The 4th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag IV) is to take place in Baotou, China, on August 23-27, 2010. Register now for this fourth cutting-edge event in the series!
Conference reports: Baotou
The 4th IIR Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration (Thermag IV) took place in Baotou, China, on August 23-28, 2010. Almost 120 attendees participated in this conference and new work closer to the market will be launched (see the Focus).
June 2004: fruitful meetings of the IIR’s statutory committees
Here are some highlights of the annual meetings of the IIR's statutory bodies (Management Committee, Science and Technology Council [STC] and Executive Committee): Strategic Plan of the IIR Four years after having adopted its Strategic...
OEWG36: Tough week of negotiations, no agreement except possible additional meetings
OEWG 36 spent much of its time focusing on moving the discussion on HFCs management forward.
Paris Agreement adopted during COP21: an accepted common framework for all nations
The Paris Agreement which was adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) on climate change is of the utmost importance.
A look back at Chillventa 2022
The IIR was present at this year’s Chillventa exhibition held in Nuremberg from October 10 to 12. This was also the venue for the WorldSkills Competition in the field of refrigeration and air...
The IIR launches a brand new website
With a fresh and modern design that will adapt to any electronic device for comfortable viewing, the new website of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) will provide user-friendly access to the most relevant information in...
Highlights from REFCOLD India 2024
The International Institute of Refrigeration recently participated in REFCOLD India 2024, held from October 3-5 in Kolkata, India. Organised by ISHRAE and Informa Markets, this
A look back at the IIR's presence at the Interclima trade fair
A big thank you to everyone who visited our stand at Interclima 2024!
Add the latest refrigeration publications to your bookshelf!
Check out the latest IIR publications including CO2 as a Refrigerant, Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems and the 1st IIR International Conference of Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technology (ICCRT 2016).
New design for the IJR but still quality papers!
As well as original research papers the IJR also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of...
ICCC 2020: The most important international cold chain event of the year!
Register today to the IIR Cold Chain Conference 2020. A biennial event of the IIR, the ICCC conference series is recognised worldwide as a cutting-edge event on the cold chain.
Your International Journal of Refrigeration; still the best in its field
Thomson Reuters confirms that the International Journal of Refrigeration is still the best in its field
A roundup of the top IIR headlines in 2016
Check out the major events that took the spotlight at the International Institute of Refrigeration during 2016.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
15 results
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Events
1 result
Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
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