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Game-theoretic design for energy-efficient behaviors in residential communities.
IIR document
Effect of different freezing temperatures on the physical, technological, and organoleptic properties of aged semimembranosus muscles from farmed fallow deer (Dama dama).
The contribution of novel marine system technology to game changing total ship efficiencies.
Why LNG Can Be a First Step in East Asia’s Energy Transition to a Low Carbon Economy: Evaluation of Challenges Using Game Theory.
Modeling thermostat adjustment behavior in residential communities during eco-feedback energy interventions.
Pleins phares sur les patinoires.
Spotlight on rinks.
Advanced R744 solution for supermarkets, hotel chillers and maritime applications in India.
Parametric Evaluation of Cooling Pipe in Direct Evaporation Artificial Ice Rink.
Thermodynamic performance and the exergy destruction of the transcritical CO2 two-stage compression and ejector expansion direct cooling ice making system.
Radiant Conditioning Retrofitting for Residential Buildings.
A comparison of air flow simulation techniques in architectural design.
The carbon game.
The future game will be COPs.
Renewable energy and energy efficiency: a game-changer.
In pista con le Olimpiadi.
In track for the Olympic Games.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
400 results
Briefs: Olympic Games
Toshiba will be keeping 3000 journalists cool at the Athens Olympic Games: it will supply 200 compact, quiet multi-split inverter units running on R410-A. Toshiba will also be cooling the martial arts pavilions (81 000 m²) thanks to 7 multimodular...
A refrigerated warehouse in Cameroon.
The first stage of construction of the refrigerated warehouse.
R22 phase-out in Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Malawi and Uganda
During the final event for the EU-funded SophiA project, participants from Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Malawi and Uganda shared the latest updates on national efforts to phase-out HCFC R22.
New air conditioner system features “3D” camera
Japanese manufacturer Hitachi recently unveiled nine models of residential air conditioners with an unusual feature. The Stainless Clean Shirokuma-kun X series units features the company's "Living Camera 3D" technology.
Leak detection thanks to thermal imaging cameras
Thermal imaging cameras can be specially designed for the detection of refrigerant gases.
A cryostat provides the optical bench of the largest digital astronomic camera
The manufacture of a cryostat to be used as an optical bench for the camera of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope has been completed.
Global LNG supply: the potential of Africa, South and Central America
IGU provides an update on the LNG supply outlook for countries in Africa, Central and South America.
Low GWP refrigerants for Olympic ice rinks in China
For the Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games in Beijing, nine ice rinks are used. five use CO2 as a refrigerant, and four use R449A.
Guatemala ratifies the Kigali Amendment
Guatemala becomes the 156th country to ratify the Kigali Amendment.
Spain ratifies the Kigali Amendment
Spain becomes the 150th country to ratify the Kigali Amendment.
Egypt ratifies the Kigali Amendment
Egypt becomes the 152nd country to ratify the Kigali Amendment.
Djibouti ratifies the Kigali Amendment
Djibouti becomes the 157th country to ratify the Kigali Amendment.
Thailand ratifies the Kigali Amendment
Thailand becomes the 158th country to ratify the Kigali Amendment.
Kenya confirms acceptance of the Kigali Amendment
Kenya becomes the 154th country to ratify the Kigali Amendment.
Benefits of energy-efficient refrigeration and of the Kigali Amendment
Supported by figures, a recent IEA-UN Environment Programme report highlights the growing importance of refrigeration in the world and the necessity to deliver efficient and climate-friendly refrigeration for...
IIR news
218 results
Visit: Cameroon
In November 2004, Philippe Mbesse, the Delegate of Cameroon to the IIR, and Didier Coulomb, met the Ambassador of Cameroon to France, His Excellency Mr Pascal Biloa Tang, in order to strengthen the links between Cameroon and the IIR.
IIR brings its expertise to SophiA’s training in Cameroon
The second capacity building session for SophiA trainers took place in Yaoundé, Cameroon, from January 20 to 24, 2025. The online presentation given by IIR on natural refrigerants in...
Refrigeration Fundamentals on sale!
The IIR's latest course, Refrigeration Fundamentals - Educational Course, will be available within a few weeks. Refrigeration Fundamentals, by André Pilatte - Delegate of Belgium to the IIR and Professor at the Faculté Polytechnique de Mons -...
Valuable publications: Refrigeration Fundamentals
Refrigeration Fundamentals: this IIR course deals with refrigeration fundamentals, components of refrigeration plants, the refrigerants and lubricants used, and control systems. It is an attractive and valuable teaching tool that technicians and...
LNG fundamentals explained in the Encyclopedia of refrigeration
The latest entry in the IIR’s online Encyclopedia of refrigeration is a thematic file presenting LNG production processes, and cold energy recovery applications.
Encyclopedia Update: Latest Kigali Amendment Ratification Status by Country
Using the latest data from UNTC, we have compiled an interactive list of countries that have ratified the Kigali agreement.
Shecco Virtual Trade Show Concludes 24-Hour Global Exhibit with over 4,000 Registrations
VTS attendees came from across the global cooling marketplace, including end users, manufacturers, contractors, associations, government officials, consultants, academics, students, media, and NGOs.
ICR 2023: It was nice to meet you at our booth!
The IIR’s booth received a large number of visitors. From regulars who came to say hello to curious onlookers drawn by the extensive display to participants looking for information, exchanges were varied and...
ELICiT: A great success at ThermagVII
At the occasion of Thermag VII conference held in Turin, Italy, attended by approximately 200 delegates of which more than 70 came from companies, the IIR organised, coordinated and facilitated the last ELICiT workshop held on September 14th 2016.
EU project SuperSmart comes to a close: What have we learnt?
Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, the EU SuperSmart project was launched in February 2016 and recently came to an end. Want to know how to reduce energy consumption in the food retail sector?… SuperSmart...
A new version of the ATP Agreement
The new version on the international carriage of perishable foodstuffs and on the special equipment to be used for such carriage became effective from 30 September 2015. The IIR was involved in this process thanks to its Commission D2...
New in our Encyclopedia: cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry
This summary document presents the potential applications of liquid cryogens in the pharmaceutical sector.
Statement from IIR Director General at MOP37
Statement delivered by Dr. Yosr Allouche, IIR Director General, on November 7, 2025 at MOP37, in Nairobi, Kenya.
Download the latest technical papers from the IIR Cryogenics Conference
Held on 8-11 April this year, the 15th IIR Cryogenics Conference welcomed over 120 guests from more than 22 countries.
News from IIR members: Air Liquide: fast expansion in Turkey
Turkey has a dynamic economy with a growth rate of 9% in 2010. Its industries are developing and diversifying, and the petrochemical sector is expanding.Air Liquide recently signed a long-term contract with the Turkish petrochemical Group...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
11 results
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Events
2 results
IIR event
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Call for abstracts is open! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration...
Find out more
Other event
2026 Cryogenic Microscopy & Spectroscopy Workshop
March 23, 2026 - March 26, 2026
Brno, Czech (Republic)
Fostering cross‐disciplinary collaboration & innovation in cryogenics, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy.
