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Guide Vane for Thermal Enhancement of a LED Heat Sink.
Get leducated. To see or not to see.
[en russe/in russian]
A novel automated heat-pipe cooling device for high-power LEDs.
IIR document
Thermal cooling multichip ultra high power LED using refrigeration cycle system.
Optimal thermal design of a horizontal fin heat sink with a modified-opening model mounted on an LED module.
Analysis of the impact of different HVAC configurations and control strategies on primary energy and cost savings for an office building.
Effect of energy-saving lamps on air-conditioning load business-related building.
Reduction method of air conditioning load of plant factory based on lighting experiment and plant model analysis.
Le circuit d'une colle biologique congelée.
The circuit of a frozen biological glue.
Experimental investigation on heat transfer and pressure drop of ZnO/ethylene glycol-water nanofluids in transition.
Effect of different fin geometries on the thermal and hydraulic performance of PCM-compact heat exchanger.
Recommended by the IIR
Global Cooling Pledge
Generation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in soybean by freezing and subsequent storage.
Evaluation of innovative heat exchanger designs and operation modes for the subatmospheric evaporation of water.
Refrigerating liquid prototype for LED’s thermal management.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
1831 results
Briefs: Bright future for cool LEDS
Light-emitting diodes (LED), which are replacing traditional light sources in many fields, are beginning to be used in refrigerated and frozen display cabinets and are likely to make a big impact on refrigeration for several reasons. They are more...
LED lighting extends the colour shelf life of meat
Researchers from Kansas State University, USA, claim they have proved that the use of LED lights in refrigerated display cabinets can improve the shelf life of fresh meat.
Dongbu Daewoo releases NFC-enabled smart series
A smart refrigerator "talks" to consumers through their mobile phone.
LNG-fuelled ships
New ships will increasingly be fuelled by LNG, and Zeus Development Corporation is monitoring LNG-fuelled non-carrier vessels: there are currently 50 and the number is growing fast.
Briefs: Chilled beams take off
Several MIT buildings now boast what looks like slim, fin-tubed radiators in ceiling cavities. These cooling devices are chilled beams. They use water, not air, to remove heat from a room. The potential energy reduction of using chilled beams...
Briefs: Chilled ceilings and beams
Chilled beams and ceilings, considered to be environmentally friendly, aesthetic, silent and energy saving, are attracting a great deal of interest. BSRIA (the Building Services Research and Information Association) estimates that the market,...
MArkets: Chilled ceilings and beams
Chilled ceilings and beams are booming! The latest developments have enhanced acceptance and the UK market grew 33% in 2006 compared with 2005, rising to around GBP 54 million. Tougher building regulations are raising demand for energy-efficient...
Storing energy thanks to cryocooled air
A new type of energy-storage process that can operate on a large scale.
Out of ordinary: Chilled Medieval Book
A 1000-year-old Book of Psalms has been discovered by a construction worker in Ireland and is now stored in refrigeration at the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin. The book was found in a bog and the tannic acid content of the bog is thought to...
Frozen produces less CO2 emissions than chilled food
A scientific report by Bristol-based Refrigeration Developments and Testing Ltd. suggests that frozen food emits less CO2 emissions than chilled food, contrary to popular belief.
UK: Chilled foods are not so wasteful
The UK Chilled Foods Association (CFA) has responded to criticism that the manufacture and sale of chilled prepared foods is “incredibly wasteful” compared with frozen and ambient foods. CFA emphasizes that just-in-time ingredient sourcing...
Bunker under highly controlled-atmosphere to measure Earth’s rotation
Equipment with extremely stable laser requires perfect mastery of air pressure and temperature.
Global cooling pledge progress: COP29 marks key milestones in sustainable cooling initiatives
Following COP28's Global Cooling Pledge, ministers and leaders from over 30 nations convened at COP29 to map out the path forward for sustainable cooling.
Industry-led project achieves 98% methane slip reduction from LNG-fuelled vessels
In October 2025 a consortium of industry partners achieved a 98% methane slip reduction rate in real-world conditions by combining methane oxidation catalysts with engine improvements.
New low GWP replacement for R404A in hermetically-sealed systems
A new lower GWP replacement for R404A, which blends an HFO and an HFC with a “natural” refrigerant is to be made commercially available next year.
IIR news
659 results
International activities: Danske Køledage
Highlights of this year's annual conference of the Danish Refrigeration Association held in Odense on March 15-16, 2007 include: a comprehensive presentation of the IIR given by Prof. Joachim Paul, over 30 papers on a broad range of scientific...
Adaptation 2025: Detailed Programme Now Available
The detailed programme for the IIR International Conference on Refrigeration Adapting to Rising Temperatures (Adaptation 2025) is now available online.
The IIR supports the Global Cooling Pledge
The IIR and several of its corporate members support this historic commitment signed during COP28.
The IIR is involved in a new project called Cool-Save
The IIR is involved in a new project called Cool-Save. This 30-month European project comprises the development and dissemination of cost-effective strategies designed to improve energy efficiency in cooling systems in the food and drink sector.
Winners of the IIR Scientific Awards 2019 revealed
This time round, the IIR received a record number of applications and submissions to its various awards and is delighted to announce the winners.
International LNG Conference and Exhibition rescheduled to 2023
The 20th International Conference and Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas, St Petersburg, has been rescheduled to 3 – 7 July 2023 and will be rebranded as LNG2023.
Test your knowledge with the IIR Quiz: Refrigeration in Numbers
Are you up to speed on the latest figures in the field of refrigeration? Test your knowledge with the IIR Refrigeration Quiz.
15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference, June 13-15, 2022: the detailed programme is now available!
The detailed program of the 15th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants is now available online.
Invitation: IIR Seminar on the "Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries"
The IIR is delighted to invite you to the IIR Seminar on the "Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries” and an IIR Working Group meeting on The Cold Chain in Hot Countries.
Download the IIR Seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries presentations
Recognising the social and economic importance of this issue on a global scale, the IIR organised a seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries on October 25, 2016 in Tunis (Tunisia).
Uniting 23 countries for cryogenics progress: Highlights from the 2025 IIR Cryogenics Conference
Bringing together 138 participants from 23 countries, the 18th IIR Conference on Cryogenics was a successful event that highlighted the latest advancements in cryogenic technologies and...
Another successful IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference 2016
Dedicated to natural refrigerants, mainly ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, Gustav Lorentzen 2016 was a great success attracting over 270 people and more than 145 papers from leading international researchers and industrialists.
FRIDOC now features a selection of MDPI articles on refrigeration
About 150 articles from MDPI journals, including review articles on various refrigeration technologies, are available in FRIDOC.
Registration is now open for the IIR Congress 2019
With over 1,000 abstracts selected covering all fields of refrigeration, registration is now open for the 25th International Congress of Refrigeration.
IIR actively involved in the French-speaking African edition of the Twinning Workshops for Montreal Protocol officers, energy policymakers and finance officials
Officials from 21 French-speaking African countries gathered in Tunis for the third Twinning Workshops, focusing on sustainable refrigeration and energy efficiency. Souhir Hammami and Marco Duran from the...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
18 results
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
André Lebon
André Lebon (1859 – 1938). Membre fondateur de l’Association Internationale du Froid puis de l’Institut International du Froid
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Events
6 results
Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
Find out more
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
11th IIR Conference on Solid-State Cooling, Heating and Energy Harvesting
June 07, 2026 - June 11, 2026
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Submit your abstract now! The 11th IIR Conference on Solid-State Cooling, Heating and Energy Harvesting (Thermag 2026), to be...
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Webinar – Refrigerated Transport in Hot Climates: Challenges and Innovations
December 09, 2025
France
Objective: To share key insights from the UNEP/IIR Cold Chain Technology Brief: Road Refrigerated Transport in Hot Climates, foster dialogue between experts, industry, and policymakers, and promote sustainable...
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Call for abstracts is open! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration...
