Main menu
Search results
Search in FRIDOC
97 results
IIR document
Evaluation of different evaporator and condenser concepts in sea water chillers using CO2 as refrigerant.
Étude des technologies de dessalement thermique "(TVC, MSF, TVC/MSF-BR)".
Survey on thermal desalination technologies "(TVC, MSF, TVC/MSF-BR)".
Natural refrigerants in refrigerated seawater systems on fishing vessels.
Sub-chilling of head-on gutted Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) before filleting; effect on storage quality.
Intensification of field plate collector used in vacuum membrane distillation of sea water.
Measurements of standard seawater calls for minor adjustements of seawater ice slurry properties.
Análisis del potencial de la desalación por congelación/fusión de agua de mar en zonas costeras, utilizando la energía termo solar.
Anaysis of desalination potential by sea water freezing/melting in the coastal areas, using solar thermal energy.
Challenges of effective chilling of Atlantic salmon in refrigerated sea water: field tests.
Étude expérimentale et simulée d'un pilote de distillation membranaire.
Experimental simulated study on a membrane distillation prototype.
Chiller technologies for marine and fishery sectors.
Transient model of an RSW system with CO2 refrigeration – A study of overall performance.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Comparative study on the cooling performance of evaporative cooling systems using seawater and freshwater.
Optimizing design and operation of chilling tank for Atlantic salmon.
Using seawater for urban renewal project.
Fundamental and application aspects of adsorption cooling and desalination.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
730 results
A seawater district cooling system in the Caribbean.
A study by Makai Ocean Engineering analyzed the feasibility of using cold deep seawater for a district cooling system in the Caribbean.
World’s largest seawater air-conditioning system commissioned in Tahiti
Thanks to this system, the cold waters of the deep will cool the French Polynesia Hospital Center, saving at least 2.5 million euros of electricity per year.
Seawater for district cooling in tropical coastal areas
A recent study explored the pros and cons of using deep cold seawater as an alternative cooling solution in tropical coastal regions.
New Monaco Yacht Club House to be cooled thanks to ocean water
Monaco’s new yacht club sticks to the sea-water cooling tradition.
New polymer coating keeps buildings cool
Researchers from Columbia University have created a passive daytime radiative cooling polymer coating with air voids that act as a spontaneous air cooler.
US consortium demonstrates first-of-its-kind liquid hydrogen storage tank
A consortium including CB and I, Shell, GenH2, and the University of Houston completed an affordable, large scale liquid hydrogen storage tank concept at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Centre, which will enable...
A new CO2 system as a major advancement for the convenience store refrigeration market
In UK, Space Engineering has launched a new CO2-based integrated refrigeration system which is said to be ideal for convenience stores.
Smart cold storage cuts food loss and energy use with digital twins and IoT sensors
A recent review published in Food Research International highlights how emerging technologies such as digital twins, IoT sensors, and AI-driven monitoring systems are transforming postharvest cold storage,...
Flammable refrigerants: the IEC approves the charge increase in commercial refrigeration
The International Electrotechnical Commission rejected in April a proposal to increase the charge limit of flammable refrigerants in the commercial refrigeration. But a recount has just reversed the decision.
India: NCCD reports a 2.2% compound annual growth rate in cold storage capacity
Reports from the Government of India – Press Information Bureau (PIB) and from the Indian Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare – National Centre for Cold-Chain Development (NCCD) document the growth of...
Future data centre cooled using waste cooling from LNG Terminal in Singapore.
Several companies and research groups have partnered for a modular data centre project using waste cooling from the LNG regasification terminal in Singapore.
Norwegian lobster farm uses waste heat from datacentre
An innovative lobster farm will use waste heat from a Norwegian datacentre for water temperature regulation.
Energy savings in a milk plant through permanent magnet speed motors (en français)
A Belgian milk plant reduces by 18 to 21% the necessary energy for cooling through permanent magnet speed motors. (en français)
LNG cold energy recovery for salmon aquaculture
A team of Korean researchersis proposing a novel application of LNG cold energy recovery for aquaculture.
Design and operation of district heating and cooling systems supplied by renewable energy sources
A report published by the European Commission analyses 8 efficient district heating and cooling systems in different Member States.
IIR news
410 results
IIR National Committees: Discover the new bureau of the US National Committee
Following the February 2025 meeting of the USNC/IIR committee meeting, find out more about the new bureau and their activities.
New EU funded project began on October 1st, 2021: “SophiA - Sustainable off-grid solutions for pharmacies and hospitals in Africa”
With a budget of 8 million euros over four years, SophiA will develop containerized solutions for hospitals using natural refrigerants, solar thermal and photovoltaics to enable more and more African people to...
The Centenary in Paris and future events
A joint IIR/French Refrigeration Association (AFF) conference was held in Paris on June 12, 2008 in order to celebrate the centenaries of both organizations. It was combined with the IIR statutory meetings on June 10, 11 and 13 and with various...
ICCC 2020: The most important international cold chain event of the year!
Register today to the IIR Cold Chain Conference 2020. A biennial event of the IIR, the ICCC conference series is recognised worldwide as a cutting-edge event on the cold chain.
Editorial by François Billiard
I am moved as I write these lines: I left the IIR on October 1, 2004, following a 5-year mandate as Director; the Executive Committee elected me on June 13, 1998. Thanks to the IIR's members, the members of its statutory committees, and the staff...
Highlights: the 25th IIR Congress 2019 brings together over 850 delegates
The congress attracted over 650 papers, including 530 oral presentations, 72 posters, 17 keynotes and 1 plenary session, as well as 9 workshops, 10 IIR Commission and Working Group meetings, and 4 technical tours.
IIR Congress 2019: The refrigeration event of the year
Taking place on August 24-30, 2019 in Montreal (Canada), birthplace of the 1987 Montreal Protocol, the IIR Congress 2019 will be organised under the theme “Refrigeration for Human Health and Future Prosperity" and will focus on the current global...
The IIR brings women in refrigeration to the forefront
Discover the reasons why the IIR organised its first fun and informal workshop on “Women in Refrigeration” during ICR2015.
IIR WRD 2025 Press Release : Countries urged to establish national refrigeration committees to tackle food, health, animals and climate challenges
Drawing on the outcomes of the WRD 2025 high-level event held on 18 June, the IIR calls for coordinated national action towards sustainable, equitable refrigeration.
What do refrigeration, air conditioning and social media have in common? A lot!
In 2014, an awareness raising social media campaign by Stephen Gill praising the too often overlooked virtues and benefits of refrigeration caused quite a stir, going viral.
Ever-expanding market research resources at your fingertips
The IIR enhances its market research resources
Tribute to Farès Charbel
The IIR is deeply saddened by the passing of prof. Farès Charbel, former Lebanese delegate, and extends its heartfelt condolences to his family.
See you at the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference in 2024
Join this co-sponsored IIR conference on heat pumps in China set to be bigger than the first!
ELICiT: A great success at ThermagVII
At the occasion of Thermag VII conference held in Turin, Italy, attended by approximately 200 delegates of which more than 70 came from companies, the IIR organised, coordinated and facilitated the last ELICiT workshop held on September 14th 2016.
Discover the winners of the IIR Scientific Awards
Every four years during the International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR), the IIR offers a series of prestigious scientific awards.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
15 results
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
André Lebon
André Lebon (1859 – 1938). Membre fondateur de l’Association Internationale du Froid puis de l’Institut International du Froid
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Events
9 results
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
Find out more
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Data Centers at a Crossroads: Energy, Cooling, and Policy Challenges
May 12, 2026
Register...
19th IIR Conference on Cryogenics
April 26, 2027 - April 30, 2027
Dresden, Germany
The 19th CRYOGENICS 2027 continues in the series of conferences held every two years. The conference will deal with new challenges of the equipment and technologies with temperatures below 120 K (-153°C), as well as with other...
Sponsored event
2026 China International Heat Pump Conference
October 13, 2026 - October 17, 2026
Shanghai, China
Following the resounding success of the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference (CHPC 2024) in Shenzhen, which gathered over 850 experts and delegates from 33 countries & regions, the upcoming 3rd CHPC in 2026 is poised to further expand its global...
9th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue
July 12, 2026 - July 16, 2026
West Lafayette, IN, United States
A conference co-sponsored by the IIR Since 1972, Herrick Labs has hosted the premier international conferences on Compressor Engineering, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, and...
21st International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue
28th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Currently accepting full papers! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for...
