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IIR document

Pressurized carbon dioxide combined with ultrasound-assisted immersion freezing: Effects on microstructure and nucleation of honeydew melon.

• Author(s) : JIANG Q., ZHANG M., MUJUMDAR A. S., QU P., HU R.
• Publication date: 2022/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Melon, Freezing, CO2, Pressure, Immersion, Ultrasound, Nucleation, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 137
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Cryconservation of plants in Ukraine.

• Author(s) : ARAPETYAN E.
• Publication date: 2023/04/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2023. Proceedings of the 17^th IIR International Conference, Dresden, Germany, april 25-28 2023
• Formats : PDF

Les arômes du melon charentais. Classique et longue conservation : une vraie différence.

Aroma of the Charentais melon. Classic versus long shelf life: a marked difference.

• Author(s) : AUBERT C.
• Publication date: 2005/07
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Aroma, Melon, Cold storage
• Source: Infos Ctifl - n. 213

IIR document

Keeping sensory quality in fresh processed melon.

• Author(s) : ARTÉS F., SÁNCHEZ J. J., SÁNCHEZ D., et al.
• Publication date: 2003/08/17
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Quality inspection, Postharvest treatment, Variety, Melon, Packaging, Fruit, Storage condition
• Source: 21^st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Serving the Needs of Mankind.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fresh cut melons: use of refrigeration and postharvest treatments to extend shelf life.

• Author(s) : BARRETT D. M., LUNA-GUZMAN I.
• Publication date: 1996/10/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Treatment, Chilling, Melon, Fruit, Storage life
• Source: New Developments in Refrigeration for Food Safety and Quality.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Détection non destructive de défauts internes des melons par imagerie en résonance magnétique nucléaire.

Non destructive detection of internal defects of melons by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.

• Author(s) : LIBES F., TREIBER E., BACCAUNAUD M.
• Publication date: 1995/08/20
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Imaging, Deterioration, NMR, Melon, Detection, Fruit
• Source: For a Better Quality of Life. 19th International Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Study of refrigerated storage and quality of three varieties of melon.

• Author(s) : GUINLE V., GIMENEZ A., ARANITI V., ROBY H. R., LLERA J., WINTER P.
• Publication date: 1995/08/20
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Variety, Temperature, Chilling, Harvesting, Physico-chemical property, Melon, Cold storage, Freezing, Fruit
• Source: For a Better Quality of Life. 19th International Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Application originale du froid humide : préréfrigération et maintien de la qualité du melon.

Original application of humid cold: precooling of melons and preservation of their quality.

• Author(s) : BACCAUNAUD M., GARCÍA T., RAYNAL J.
• Publication date: 1994/09/07
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Chilling, Harvesting, Quality, Melon, Humidity, Fruit, Storage life
• Source: Refrigeration and the Quality of Fresh Vegetables.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

COLD STORAGE OF < AMARILLO ORO > AND < TENDRAL NEGRO > SPANISH MELONS IN CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE.

• Author(s) : PEREZ ZUNIGA F. J.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Precooling, Fungicide, Controlled atmosphere, Chilling, Melon, Water
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

Experiment on influence of Hyo-on storage on amino acid and other contents of musk melon.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : SHEN J., HE X., WANG S., et al.
• Publication date: 2010/06
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Comparison, Process, Melon, Expérimentation, Cold storage, Fruit
• Source: Journal of Refrigeration - vol. 31 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

USE OF MODIFIED ATMOSPHERES IN THE CONSERVATION OF < TENDRAL > MELONS.

• Author(s) : MARTINEZ JAVEGA J. M., JIMENEZ CUESTA M., CUQUERELLA J.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Physiological disorder, Controlled atmosphere, Chilling, Organoleptic property, Weight loss, Melon, Film, Packaging
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Cold storage of different melon cultivars: effects on quality, rots, and chilling injuries.

• Author(s) : BRIGATI S., CACCIONI D. R. L.
• Publication date: 1994/09/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Variety, Treatment, Temperature, Melon, Cold storage, Fruit, Storage life
• Source: Refrigeration and the Quality of Fresh Vegetables.
• Formats : PDF

Effect of temperature on chilling injury, decay and quality of Hami melon during storage.

• Author(s) : YANG B., SHIPING T., HONGXIA L., et al.
• Publication date: 2003/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Melon, Chilling injury, Expérimentation, Cold storage, Storage life
• Source: Postharvest Biol. Technol. - vol. 29 - n. 2

Use of mild heat pre-treatment for quality retention of fresh-cut cantaloupe melon.

• Author(s) : LAMIKANRA O., BETT-GARBER K. L., INGRAM D. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2005/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermal treatment, Sensory analysis, Cut, Melon, Cold storage, Fruit, Storage life
• Source: Ital. J. Food Sci. - vol. 70 - n. 1

Effect of superatmospheric and low oxygen modified atmospheres on shelf-life extension of fresh-cut melon.

• Author(s) : OMS-OLIU G., MARTÍNEZ R. M., SOLIVA-FORTUNY R., et al.
• Publication date: 2008/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modified atmosphere, Quality, Cut, Melon, Cold storage, Packaging, Fruit
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 19 - n. 2

Is that watermelon too big for your fridge?

Producers have caught on to the fact that most European consumers can't fit 6 kg watermelons in their fridges. Solinda, a miniature watermelon variety, has been launched in the UK. It has no black pips, weighs a mere kilo or two and has been bred...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Briefs: Chameleon tiles for energy savings

It is a well-known fact that dark surfaces absorb the sun's heat, whereas white surfaces reflect it. US Secretary of Energy, Steven Chu, considers that turning all roofs white would eliminate as much greenhouse gas emissions in 20 years as the...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

Alternative mixtures for R134a

A NIST study identifies 23 non-flammable or slightly flammable mixtures as R134a alternatives in air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2019/08/29

Low GWP blends for domestic air conditioning

A review article presents the latest research trends on low GWP refrigerants, mainly HFC/HFO blends, for domestic air conditioning. 

• Publication date : 2023/03/28
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

A study assesses alternative mixtures to two pure hydrocarbon refrigerants

An article reviews more than 11,000 mixtures of refrigerants that could be interesting alternatives to pure R290 and R600a.

• Publication date : 2020/02/05

A new non-flammable mixture to boost the performance of CO2 systems

In a recent IJR article, researchers propose combining R744 with Dimethyl-ether (DME) to boost system performance while ensuring safety and low environmental impact, in a recent IJR...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

Refrigerant blends may offer alternative to R134a

Research released by SAE provide further evidence that Mexichem Fluor's refrigerant blends AC5 and AC6 could offer EU regulation compliant alternatives to R134a in automotive air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2013/12/20
• Subjects: Regulation

Heat pumps: an approach to select the highest performing refrigerant mixture

One of the most downloaded IJR articles in 2019 concludes that zeotropic mixtures have the potential to significantly improve both the thermodynamic and economic performance of heat pumps in suitable applications.

• Publication date : 2019/04/30

HFC134a/HFO1234yf mixture: lower GWP without flammability

A recent study* published in the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) by Inha University, South Korea, compared the performance of HFC134a, HFO1234yf and HFO1234yf/HFC134a mixtures at three compositions of 5%, 10% and 15% HFC134a

• Publication date : 2013/11/04

Brazilian cold chain panorama

An article from the International Journal of Refrigeration presents a few figures about the infrastructure, energy sources and expenditure of the Brazilian cold chain.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Eco-friendly skiing in Spain

Dutch architects working for SnowWorld say they have found a way to build an indoor ski facility with a difference in warm Barcelona.

• Publication date : 2012/04/25

USA: EPA proposes final phase-out schedule for R22

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recently released its proposal for the final phase-out timeline of R22.

• Publication date : 2014/02/25
• Subjects: Regulation

Air conditioning has cut premature deaths on hot days in US by 80% since 1960

A new study by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of California and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has concluded that air conditioning played a key role in the reduction of the mortality risk associated with high...

• Publication date : 2013/06/17

State of play of district heating and cooling in Europe

District heating and cooling can represent an interesting opportunity as part of the decarbonisation of the heating and cooling sector.  A study takes stock of existing networks...

• Publication date : 2023/06/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

Refrigeration now at the heart of international discussions

The recent G7 meeting in France and the United Nations Climate Action Summit 2019 in the US illustrate the growing importance of the refrigeration sector in international discussions.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Upcoming IIR events: Barcelona

LNG 15 - Liquefied Natural Gas, a conference co-organized by the IIR, will take place on April 24-27, 2007 in Barcelona, Spain. The IIR will be running a stand and giving out its Informatory Note on LNG:

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Submit your abstracts to the 3rd IIR Conference on HFO Refrigerants and Low GWP Blends

To be organised by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), the call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs has now been launched. Submit...

• Publication date : 2022/04/25
• Subjects: Technology, HFCs alternatives, Environment

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

2006 was an important year for the IIR: the first phase in the updating of the Fridoc database, launching of the e-Bulletin, publication of a course, Refrigeration Fundamentals, the Red Book on frozen foods, a Bibliography on CO2, two Informatory...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

Energy is one of the main strategic challenges of this century, both in terms of the impact of energy consumption on the environment (greenhouse effect) and above all in terms of the risk of shortages with respect to our society's needs (limited...

• Publication date : 2006/11/14

New European projects for the IIR

In line with its international activities, the IIR is going to take part in two European projects which have just been validated by the European Commission.

• Publication date : 2016/02/24

Take part in the BETTED project survey for the dairy sector

Help this EU project map out the role of sustainability of companies in the dairy sector. The survey ends August 30.

• Publication date : 2024/06/18
• Subjects: Environment, General information

New EU research project BETTED gets underway!

The IIR is one of 10 partners of the new European research project aimed at promoting the energy transition of the dairy value chain.

• Publication date : 2024/03/27

New in the Encyclopedia: updated GWP values for HFCs

Find all the GWP values over 100 years and 20 years for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2023/09/22
• Subjects: Environment

Member news: Koura introduces new refrigerant for air conditioning

Refrigerant manufacturer Koura recently introduced R468C, a refrigerant that could replace R410A in air conditioning systems.  

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

The Mostra Convegno exhibition

In March 2018 the IIR participated in one of the biggest exhibitions on refrigeration technologies, Mostra Convegno, which took place, as always, in Milan.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

IIR member news: Johnson Controls YORK chiller optimised for R1233zd(E)

The YORK YZ magnetic bearing centrifugal chiller, produced by Johnson Controls, is said to be the first chiller fully optimized for ultimate performance with the low-global warming potential refrigerant R1233zd(E).

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFO et HCFO, Blends

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, HFO et HCFO, Blends

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

For IIR members only

Global cold storage capacity

This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

• Last update : 2021/12/06
• Langues : English
• Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids