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IIR document

Heat to cold: Relevance and application of thermally driven cooling for the transformation of the energy system.

• Author(s) : FÜLDNER G., VOLMER R., DA SILVA MOREIRA A., SCHNABEL L.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A new modeling strategy to simulate the compression cycle of reciprocating compressors.

• Author(s) : SILVA L. R. da, DUTRA T., DESCHAMPS C. J., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/09/06
• Languages : English
• Source: Compressors 2017: 9^th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants.
• Formats : PDF

Experimentally validated two dimensional numerical model for the solidification of PCM along a horizontal long tube.

• Author(s) : ISMAIL K. A. R., LINO F. A. M., SILVA R. C. R. da, et al.
• Publication date: 2014/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of thermal Sciences - vol. 75

IIR document

FREEZE-DRYING OF BLOOD PRODUCTS IN THE BLOOD TRANSFUSION SERVICE OF THE GERMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC.

• Author(s) : TOURSEL W., HINDORF H.
• Publication date: 1985/05/20
• Languages : English
• Source: Fundamentals and Applications of Freeze-Drying to Biological Materials, Drugs and Foodstuffs.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

NEW DESIGNED SYSTEM OF COMPUTER PROGRAMS TO GENERATE, EVALUATE, CHECK UP, MANUFACTURE AND MEASURE AUTOMATICALLY PAIRS OF SCREW ROTORS OF REFRIGERATING COMPRESSORS.

• Author(s) : HEINEMANN O., KOSSLER A., NOWOTNY S.
• Publication date: 1986/08/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Progress in the design and construction of refrigeration systems.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CRYOPRESERVATION OF BLOOD CELLS IN THE GDR-TRANSFUSION SERVICE.

• Author(s) : TOURSEL W.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

Design and predicted performance of the 3-stage ADR for the Soft-X-ray Spectrometer instrument on Astro-H.

• Author(s) : SHIRRON P. J., KIMBALL M. O, JAMES B. L., et al.
• Publication date: 2012/04
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics - vol. 52 - n. 4-6

IIR document

Heat transfer coefficient of a snow bag.

• Author(s) : VEIGA W. R. da, MEYER J. P.
• Publication date: 2002/12
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 25 - n. 8
• Formats : PDF

Effect of modified-atmosphere packaging on the quality of 'Fuyu' persimmon.

• Author(s) : CIA P., SILVA E. A. B. R. da, SIGRIST J. M. M., et al.
• Publication date: 2003/01
• Languages : English
• Source: Braz. J. Food Technol. - vol. 6 - n. 1 (119)

Overview and outlook of the cooling sector in Jordan

In May 2024, Jordan’s Ministry of the Environment published its National Cooling Strategy (NCS), which details the country’s cooling sector and sets a framework for the National...

• Publication date : 2024/06/26
• Subjects: Figures, economy, General information

Jordan looks to curb HFC emissions

The Jordan Ministry of Environment will start identifying sectors producing short-lived climate pollutants including HFCs.

• Publication date : 2015/06/25
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Solar cooling implemented in Jordan

Four sites in Jordan are now equipped with solar absorption chillers.

• Publication date : 2017/07/27
• Subjects: Developing country

New port terminal in Rotterdam

A group of companies recently announced in the presence of the Dutch Minister of Economic Affairs, Agriculture that a new port primarily dedicated to the storage, transfer and transportation of foodstuffs is to be operational in Rotterdam in 2014.

• Publication date : 2013/04/26

Jordan phases out CFCs one year ahead of schedule

Jordan’s national programme for phasing out the use of CFCs, which aimed at disposing 1500 tonnes of these refrigerants was achieved one year ahead of schedule.

• Publication date : 2012/08/21
• Subjects: Regulation

India is in urgent need of affordable, energy-efficient air-conditioning

With energy demand for cooling in India expected to increase eightfold by 2038, a recent study by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW) discusses the country's...

• Publication date : 2022/08/22
• Subjects: Developing country, Figures, economy

For IIR members only

Jordan and Cool Up finalise national cooling action plan with 30 key measures for sustainable cooling transition

As of November 2024, Jordan’s finalised National Cooling Action Plan (NCAP) includes 30 key measures which will undergo review before adoption in early 2025.

• Publication date : 2024/12/16
• Subjects: General information

Canada: HFC regulations enter in force

On April 16, 2018, an amendment to the Canadian Ozone-depleting Substances and Halocarbon Alternatives Regulations entered into force, ensuring Canada's full compliance with its obligations under the Kigali Amendment.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Briefs: biodegradable packaging

The use of biodegradable packaging (such as starch and polylactic acid) in Eastern Europe is taking off: in 2006, 821 tonnes of such packaging were consumed in Eastern Europe, compared with 19 350 tonnes in Western Europe and 16 047 tonnes in...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Canada proposes HFC phase-down plan.

The Canadian government has published on November 2016 a proposal to phase-down its production and imports of HFCs.

• Publication date : 2017/02/25
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Canada and Mexico HFC policy strategy

During ATMOsphere America in Chicago in June 2016, Canadian and Mexican government representatives presented their HFC phase-down strategies.

• Publication date : 2016/08/05
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Out of ordinary: Biodegradable zippers

Zip-Pak presented a new range of biodegradable zippers at the Anuga Food Tec Exhibition in Cologne in April 2006. Manufacturers can now specify zip-closed degradable packaging that is ideal for produce, nuts, breads and cheeses. The zippers are...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Canada: CFIA Standardization of Food Safety Practices

The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) recently announced plans to standardize its inspection practices to keep up with the changing food safety landscape.

• Publication date : 2012/08/16
• Subjects: Regulation

Canada: Government intends to prohibit R134a in commercial refrigeration

A Notice of Intent was published by the Canadian Ministry of Environment indicating that the government is considering prohibition of the manufacture and import of high GWP refrigerants, including R134a, R507 series and R404A in certain commercial...

• Publication date : 2015/04/09
• Subjects: Regulation

Canada could follow US with HFC bans in certain applications

At the UN Climate Summit held in New York on 23 September, the Canadian Environment Minister, Leona Aglukkaq, announced that the government would soon publish a Notice of Intent to regulate HFCs in-line with the proposals recently published by the...

• Publication date : 2014/10/31
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

International events: Amsterdam

The 13th European Cold Chain Logistics Program held in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on February 8-9, 2010 attracted 120 participants from 22 countries, and 20 presentations were given. www.gcca.org

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

International events: Amsterdam

The 12th European Cold Chain Education Program took place in Amsterdam on January 26-27, 2009 and attracted over 160 participants from 24 countries. Thirty-one presentations covered a wide range of logistics issues including ways of adapting to...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

Conference update: Amsterdam

- The IIR co-sponsored 11th European Cold Chain Education Program, an IIR-co-sponsored event, will be held in Amsterdam on February 25-26, 2008. The theme is "Back to basics: safe, efficient and profitable cold storage and distribution". The event...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Conference update: Amsterdam

With "Explore the future: Green, lean, and cost-effective cold storage and distribution operations" as theme, the 12th European Cold Chain Logistics Education Program & Trade Show is to be held on January 26-27, 2009 in Amsterdam. This event...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

International events: Amsterdam

The 53rd REHVA General Assembly took place on May 14-16, 2009 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. D. Coulomb and R Lazzarin attended it. Ways to strengthen our links, particularly regarding co-sponsorship of conferences (eg. 47th AICARR International...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

Conference update: Amsterdam

The IIR co-sponsored 11th European Cold Chain Education Program, an IIR-co-sponsored event, will be held in Amsterdam on February 25-26, 2008. The theme is "Back to basics: safe, efficient and profitable cold storage and distribution". The event...

• Publication date : 2008/01/25

Conference update: Amsterdam

The theme of the IIR-co-sponsored 11th European Cold Chain Education Program is Back to Basics; safe, efficient and profitable cold storage and distribution. Register now for this event to be held on February 25-26, 2008:

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Canada to Host LNG2023 in Vancouver

Vancouver will be the venue for the 20th International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2023) following the selection of the Canadian Gas...

• Publication date : 2022/05/25
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

The IIR supports operational and economic missions in Madagascar

IIR interventions and recommendations will focus on the mission’s aspects which are related to the food cold chain, including offshore fishery and continental aquaculture among others.

• Publication date : 2016/08/10

Canada to host the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration in 2019!

During the IIR Executive Committee meeting in Paris on June 14, 2013 Montreal, Canada was elected by the Delegates of the IIR member-countries as the host city of the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration to be held in 2019 (ICR2019).

• Publication date : 2013/07/11

Donation to Prof. Banadda’s family and job opportunity for the SophiA project in Africa

Please find attached the press release concerning the donation campaign for the family of Prof. Noble Ephraim Banadda, who was one of the key promoters of SophiA, convincing experts in African ministries of health and various organisations to...

• Publication date : 2021/11/29

How to adapt in a world at 50°C? Learn more at the IMechE conference this September

On September 6-8, 2023, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) will host its 1st International Conference and Workshop on Climate Adaptation and Resilience in London.

• Publication date : 2023/09/05
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration appoints Professor Judith Evans as new president of Commission C2

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/12

The IIR takes part in a UNIDO project

The IIR has been successful to a UNIDO call for proposals to assess the incremental and operating cost for improved Energy Efficiency in retail refrigeration in Jordan and Tunisia.

• Publication date : 2018/10/18
• Subjects: General information, Developing country, Environment

A sneak preview of ICR2015 Highlights

The 25th International Congress of Refrigeration ended on Saturday, August 22nd proving to be more successful than ever with 1186 conference delegates from 55 countries, 11 tracks and 900 sessions.

• Publication date : 2015/08/26

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Kigali Amendment status per country

List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.

• Last update : 2024/11/15
• Langues : English
• Themes : Regulations and standardization (Montreal and Kyoto Protocols…)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFO et HCFO, Blends

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, HFO et HCFO, Blends

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids