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  • Assessing the effects of CO2 cryocapture

    According to Physicists at the University of Oregon, refrigerating coal plant emissions would reduce CO2 emissions by 90%, and reduce levels of other dangerous chemicals such as SO2 and Mercury, but would raise electricity costs by about 25%.

    • Publication date : 2013/01/11
  • CO2 applications: First commercial CO2 system in Latin America

    Last April Verdemar supermarket chain inaugurated its fifth store in the suburb of Jardim Canada, Nova Lima -Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is the first Latin American supermarket that uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. Its Skyrack Breeze, developed...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/07
  • CO2 applications: First hospital catering facility refrigeration system to run with CO2 in the UK

    A CO2 unit supplied by Green & Cool has been installed and commissioned by CCS Refrigeration, through Aggora on behalf of Medirest to provide for the on-site catering requirements of patients, restaurant and hospital staff at the Homerton...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/07
  • CO2 supermarkets worldwide

    In its latest Accelerate Europe magazine, Shecco has disseminated figures illustrating the growth of CO2 in the commercial refrigeration sector.

    • Publication date : 2016/05/03
  • Innovative transcritical CO2 ice rink installation

    In Gimo, Sweden, a transcritical CO2 unit was installed to provide cooling for a new ice rink.

    • Publication date : 2015/05/12
  • CO2 growth figures

    The Shecco Guide 2014: Natural Refrigerants Continued Growth & Innovation in Europe shows that to date (2013), there are 2885 CO2 transcritical (TC) systems installed in Europe (3100+ installations worldwide), a significant increase of 117%...

    • Publication date : 2014/10/09
  • Penetration of transcritical CO2 continues to increase

    In Europe, North America and Japan, the number of transcritical CO2 installations continues to increase significantly in commercial and industrial refrigeration. 

    • Publication date : 2023/12/18
    • Subjects: Figures, economy, HFCs alternatives
  • UK: Transcritical CO2 for Harrods

    The world-famous London luxury store Harrods has installed an innovative parallel CO2 compression refrigeration system in its food department in order to replace its ageing R22 and R404A systems.

    • Publication date : 2012/03/01
  • MAC: industrialization of the first CO2 compressors

    The automotive component manufacturer Sanden confirmed that it was supplying the German car manufacturer Daimler with CO2 compressors for their mobile air conditioning (MAC) systems.

    • Publication date : 2017/12/19
  • Transcritical CO2 refrigeration ready for prime time panel

    Transcritical CO2 refrigeration systems brings certainty at ATMOsphere America 2013

    • Publication date : 2013/09/04
  • CO2 Supermarkets

    The journal Die Kälte und Klimatechnik has just produced an article on the opening of a supermarket using refrigeration installations for the first time running on direct expansion CO2 with both medium and low temperatures in Wettingen,...

    • Publication date : 2005/10/26
  • New design for CO2 cascade system

    Researchers from two Spanish universities are looking for commercial licensees for a CO2 cascade refrigeration system that is said to overcome many of the current drawbacks of the technology.

    • Publication date : 2014/06/20
  • CO2-based car air conditioning more efficient?

    The prototype of a car operating with a CO2-based air conditioning system is claimed to be operating more efficiently than current models running with R134a.

    • Publication date : 2016/04/14
  • The LHC transition to transcritical CO2 cooling technologies

    A new generation of CO2 cooling for a new generation of LHC silicon detectors: a CO2 booster / CO2 evaporative (pumped) system will be adopted to cool the newly designed silicon...

    • Publication date : 2021/09/07
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives
  • CO2 applications: Buses

    Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe (BVG) has installed CO2 air-conditioning systems in seven of its city buses operating on different routes in Berlin and covering 200 to 400 km per day. Germany's Federal Environment Agency has urged all public transport...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/07
  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
  • For IIR members only

    Heat pump stock in Europe

    This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

    • Last update : 2021/12/14
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics
  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2023/06/23
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids