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  • IIR Member news: Stef-TFE

    Stef-TFE, one of Europe's largest providers of logistics to the chilled, frozen and temperate goods sectors and a corporate member of the IIR, has 12 000 employees, an annual turnover of over 1200 billion €, 48 cold-storage installations with a...

    • Publication date : 2004/04/28
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  • Brief: Reefer

    Safmarine's improved reefer technology is providing solutions enabling the exporting of perishable produce previously considered as being unsuitable for shipment by sea. Safmarine South Africa was the first company in its network to ship 40-feet...

    • Publication date : 2006/05/05
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  • Reefer rental: trends

    The reefer rental market has benefited from unexpected development. It started in the 1980s when thousands of refrigerated containers ceased being used, following the external trade collapse of fruit-exporting countries. The reefers were first...

    • Publication date : 2006/07/26
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  • 2010 ASHRAE Refrigerant Safety Standards

    ASHRAE has published its 2010 editions of Refrigerant Safety Standards. In these editions, HFO-1234yf and 14 refrigerant blends have been added. An optional 2L flammability classification subclass has been added to the existing Class 2 category,...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/11
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  • Reefer container production at its peak

    Reefer container production increased greatly during 2011, beating their previous annual peak in 2008 by over 30%.

    • Publication date : 2012/06/22
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  • China: Food safety improvements underway

    In the 1990s, China emerged as a low-cost exporter of food products such as vegetables, apples, seafood and poultry. But in recent years, China's exports slowed when shipments were rejected for failing to meet stringent standards in Japan, Europe...

    • Publication date : 2007/02/12
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  • ASHRAE publishes Refrigeration Safety Standard

    ASHRAE has published its 2004 refrigeration safety standard, which establishes procedures for operating equipment and systems to ensure the safety of the building occupants and technicians. ANSI/ASHRAE 15-2004 Safety Standard for Refrigeration...

    • Publication date : 2005/01/12
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  • Thermo King’s Magnum container reefers

    Thermo King's Magnum container reefers have been chosen by Hanjin Shipping based in South Korea. Hanjin has 12 dedicated terminals in Rotterdam, Long Beach, Tokyo, Kaohsiung, and Busan, among others, 7 inland logistic bases in locations such as...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/04
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  • Reefer market strong despite crisis

    The shipping sector has generally suffered from the economic downturn, especially bulk and container sectors. However, the reefer market still showed a 10-15% increase in 2008 as the ageing fleet is in need of renewal. At the end of 2008, the...

    • Publication date : 2009/08/13
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  • Briefs: Energy-saving Maersk reefers

    Thanks to QUEST (Quality and Energy efficiency in Storage and Transport) software providing a new temperature-control regime based on commodity instead of air temperature, Maersk estimates that the energy consumption used to cool its reefers will...

    • Publication date : 2008/02/12
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  • Canada: CFIA Standardization of Food Safety Practices

    The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) recently announced plans to standardize its inspection practices to keep up with the changing food safety landscape.

    • Publication date : 2012/08/16
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • First Chinese safety standard for cold stores

    The codes should come into force in December this year

    • Publication date : 2012/08/22
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Radio frequency technology makes warehouses more efficient and safer

    Industrial Conveying has developed new technology for high-rise warehouses. Each crane communicates with every stationary object on its racks. The High Bay Stacker is managed by Radio Frequency (RF) and makes it possible to use very high spaces....

    • Publication date : 2011/07/01
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  • MAC: SAE considers R1234yf as “safe and effective” and AC5 and AC6 blends as “technically credible”

    The SAE International Cooperative Research Project team has concluded that “R1234yf refrigerant is safe and effective to use in automotive applications. It also concluded that “based on a detailed fault tree analysis, AC6 offers a risk profile...

    • Publication date : 2013/08/27
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  • Cooling coffee bean to improve flavour.

    A simple discovery which could have a major impact for the coffee industry.

    • Publication date : 2017/03/09
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFO et HCFO, Blends
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFCs, HFO et HCFO, Blends
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  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
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  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/06/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
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  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
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  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • For IIR members only

    Global cold storage capacity

    This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

    • Last update : 2021/12/06
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics
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  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

    Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

    • Last update : 2023/01/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Fruit, Vegetables
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  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
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  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
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  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
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  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/05/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
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  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2022/06/20
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
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  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids
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See all results in the Encyclopedia of Refrigeration