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IIR document
The development of night deliveries in urban areas of temperature-controlled foodstuff.
Performance testing of a geothermal heat pump system in a Canadian residential building.
Experimental investigation of an optimized mechanically assisted suction reed valve design concept in a small hermetic reciprocating compressor.
Effect of the contained refrigerant mass on the efficiency and effectiveness of two-phase heat exchangers.
Efficient simulation method for parallel tube evaporators for vehicle battery cooling.
Experimental investigation of liquid and vapor mass flows in a parallel tube evaporator.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
322 results
Legionnaires’ disease
Two outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease are in the news: - Thirteen deaths have occurred among 85 patients who contracted Legionnaires' disease in the northern French prefecture of Pas-de-Calais. The main cause of the outbreak is a cooling tower at...
The benefits of linear compressors
Three articles published recently in the IJR illustrate the strength of R&D work around linear compressors and highlight the benefits of these, especially in commercial and domestic...
How to cool the nuclear reactors of the future?
Researchers at the Tokyo Institute of Technology are paving the way for cooling fusion reactors, following a historic breakthrough in nuclear fusion.
France: the government recently published several documents on HFC regulations (in French)
On November 22, 2017, the French Ministry of Ecological and Solidarity-based Transition (Ministère de la Transition énergétique et solidaire) published two documents which summarise the different regulations on HFCs at different levels...
Linear compressors for refrigeration: benefits and challenges
Linear compressors have significant advantages over conventional crank-driven compressors, but the main challenge remains cost.
Linear compressor key to fridge efficiency?
The US Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Whirlpool are collaborating to design a domestic refrigerator that could cut energy use by up to 40% compared with current models.
Development of a prototype of Secondary loop Mobile Air Conditioning System
Tata Motor, an Indian car manufacturer, recently signed a partnership with the German automotive supplier Mahle to design and develop a Secondary Loop Mobile Air Conditioning System (SL-MAC).
LNG is expected to meet 24% of global bunker fuel supply by 2025
In a Lloyd’s Register report released in April 2014, it has been suggested that LNG will account for 13% of the global bunker fuel market by 2020, increasing to 24% in 2025.
France: the Climate Plan of the Ministry of the Ecological and Inclusive Transition provides a tax on HFC refrigerants.
Nicolas Hulot, French Minister for the Ecological and Inclusive Transition, unveiled France's Climate Plan on July 6, 2017. Tax incentives on alternatives to HFCs will soon be introduced.
Inauguration of the largest LNG-powered cruise ship
In November 2022, MSC Cruises held a naming ceremony for MSC World Europa, the world’s largest LNG-powered cruise ship and one of the first to incorporate fuel cell...
India: solar-powered micro cold rooms
Solar-powered micro cold rooms using phase-change materials could be a solution for small farmers in India.
France: tax on refrigerants does not appear in the public finance draft bill of 2018 (in French)
The tax on refrigerants announced in July 2017 by the French Ministry for the Ecological and Inclusive Transition does not finally appear in the public finance draft bill.
France: The HFC tax plan defered to January 1, 2019.
A video excerpt of the French finance commission informs the debate on taxes on HFCs.
In France, the tax on HFCs is still under discussion (in French)
Update on the latest developments regarding the HFC tax, which finally appears in the 2018 finance bill.
Solar energy improves medical healthcare in sub-Saharan Africa
UNDP develops the Solar for Health project in Zambia and Zimbabwe. More than 400 healthcare centres are now equipped with solar panels and the health products' cold chain is preserved.
IIR news
111 results
Professionals, participate in a questionnaire on the cold chain of COVID-19 vaccines (in French)
The AFF (French Association of Refrigeration) has just posted a short online questionnaire for vaccines cold chain professionals in order to enrich the work of its...
New IIR Working Group on Careers in Refrigeration “CaRe”
The IIR is delighted to announce the new IIR Working Group on Careers in Refrigeration “CaRe”, chaired by Dr Catarina Marques.
First meeting of the IIR Working Group on Refrigeration Safety
During the Gustav Lorentzen conference in Valencia (Spain), the IIR Working Group “Refrigeration Safety”, chaired by Alexander Cohr Pachai, held its first meeting.
Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration Creates a New Working Group on Careers in Refrigeration
The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is delighted to announce its new Working Group on Careers in Refrigeration “CaRe”, chaired by Dr Catarina Marques.
First meeting of the IIR Working Group on Dehumidification in Air Conditioning
The IIR Commission E1 Working Group (WG) on “Dehumidification in Air Conditioning”, chaired by Baolong Wang and Xu Zhang, held its first meeting during the IIR-co-sponsored Purdue conferences on July 9, 2018.
Rankine 2020 conference highlights opportunities and challenges for the future
The IIR Rankine 2020 – Advances in Heating, Cooling and Power Generation conference was organised by the Institute of Refrigeration UK (IOR) as an ambitious 5-day online event running across July 27-31. It...
IIR member news: Linde
Linde uses cryogenic freezing to improve cuts.
IJR Editorial: Solar energy, the energy of the future for refrigeration
Solar refrigeration should become a means of providing cleaner air conditioning and developing cold chains for food and health products where they are still deficient. We need to accompany this development while...
New IIR Informatory Note on Solar Cooling
Discover the latest IIR Informatory Note that provides a detailed analysis of solar cooling: an environmentally friendly and promising technology.
The IIR Informatory Note on Solar Cooling published in Russian
The IIR has just published a Russian version of the Informatory Note on Solar Cooling. In addition to the English and French versions, other notes have recently been published in Chinese, Russian and Spanish...
New IIR Informatory Note on Renewable Energy
The latest IIR Informatory Note stresses that renewable energy sources can be considered practically inexhaustible and are currently the only solution for an ecological transition to clean...
New IIR Informatory Note on solar cooling and other new publications
The IIR has just published an Informatory Note on solar cooling and has posted the Chinese version of the Informatory Note on the role of refrigeration in worldwide nutrition on its website.
Linde claims cryogenic freezing allows cookie manufacturers to produce a more consistent product.
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 27
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 27th Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 27) in Charm...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 34
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 34th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-34) in Montréal, Canada (octobre 31 –...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
8 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...