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Numerical analysis of journal bearing in rotary compressor.

• Author(s) : SI S., DO G.
• Publication date: 2022/07/15
• Languages : English
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 26^th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Evaluation of contact resistance and fin effectiveness of enhanced, brazed “dogbone” fin and serpentine tube heat exchangers for air conditioning and heat pump applications.

• Author(s) : BACELLAR D., LI S., MARTIN C., SHABTAY Y., BLACK J.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

The 'lunar eclipse' phenomena in living nature.

• Author(s) : KORPAN N. N.
• Publication date: 2006/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thawing, Dog, Animal, Pancreas, Expérimentation, Cryogenics, Cryosurgery
• Source: Low Temperature Medicine - vol. 32 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Incubation of canine red blood cells before freezing leads to an improved saline stability and morphology after thawing when using a hydroxyethyl starch cryopreservation protocol.

• Author(s) : KIM H., ITAMOTO K., TANAKA S., et al.
• Publication date: 2005/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thawing, Cell, Treatment, Dog, Blood, Cryopreservation, Freezing
• Source: Low Temperature Medicine - vol. 31 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

TEMPERATURE AND COOLING RATE VARIATIONS DURING CRYOSURGICAL PROBE TESTING.

• Author(s) : AUGUSTYNOWICZ S. D., GAGE A. A.
• Publication date: 1985
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermal conductivity, Cryoprobe, Cooling rate, Tissue, Dog, Skin, Testing, Cryosurgery, Water
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 8 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

The quality improvement of quick-cooking rice by freezing and microwave techniques.

[In Thai. / En thai.]

• Author(s) : NARKRUGSA W., THUNYAWANITH S.
• Publication date: 2005/07
• Languages : Thai
• Source: J. natl. Res. Counc. Thail. - vol. 37 - n. 2

IIR document

Development of a measurement system for the three-dimensional structure of ice crystals in frozen materials.

• Author(s) : DO G. S., TSUTA M., SAGARA Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2003/08/17
• Languages : English
• Source: 21^st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Serving the Needs of Mankind.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of a cryogenic micro-slicer spectral imaging system for 3-D structure modelling of biomaterials.

• Author(s) : SUGIYAMA T., DO G. S., ARAKI T., et al.
• Publication date: 2006/07/17
• Languages : English
• Source: Multiconference CryoPrague 2006 (9th Cryogenics 2006, ICEC 21, ICMC'06)
• Formats : PDF

Dossier : le froid dans l'industrie alimentaire.

File: refrigeration in the food industry.

• Author(s) : UENO S., DO G. S., SAGARA Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2004/11
• Languages : French
• Source: Rev. gén. Froid - n. 1048

IIR document

Three-dimensional measurement of ice crystals in frozen dilute solution.

• Author(s) : UENO S., DO G. S., SAGARA Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2004/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 27 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Three-dimensional measurement of ice crystals in frozen beef with a micro-slicer image processing system.

• Author(s) : DO G. S., SAGARA Y., TABATA M., et al.
• Publication date: 2004/03
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 27 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Viscoelastic properties of frozen-thawed agar/agar-gelatin gels based on binary-phase virtual structure.

• Author(s) : KIM G. W., DO G., BAE Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2012/12
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 35 - n. 8
• Formats : PDF

Briefs: BOCOG

The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the 29th Olympiad (BOCOG) - in co-operation with China's State Environmental Protection Administration and UNEP - is addressing stratospheric ozone protection as part of the 2008 Beijing Olympic...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

Briefs: biodegradable packaging

The use of biodegradable packaging (such as starch and polylactic acid) in Eastern Europe is taking off: in 2006, 821 tonnes of such packaging were consumed in Eastern Europe, compared with 19 350 tonnes in Western Europe and 16 047 tonnes in...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

European legislation and cogeneration

COGEN Europe has issued a new briefing paper on "European Policy and Legislation affecting Cogeneration", which summarises the most important pieces of legislation relevant to the development of cogeneration in Europe. This document shows that the...

• Publication date : 2005/01/12

Out of ordinary: Biodegradable zippers

Zip-Pak presented a new range of biodegradable zippers at the Anuga Food Tec Exhibition in Cologne in April 2006. Manufacturers can now specify zip-closed degradable packaging that is ideal for produce, nuts, breads and cheeses. The zippers are...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Nestlé Japan’s Himeji factory’s natural gas cogeneration system

Nestlé Japan's Himeji factory's natural gas cogeneration system has won the 9th New Energy Award in recognition of its high degree of innovation. The Himeji plant is used to produce soluble coffee cryogenically and has high energy efficiency (92%,...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Cogeneration power and cooling for an army mobile system

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sept. 2004). With the US army's ongoing need to make systems smaller, lighter, quieter and more efficient, new technologies to meet these needs are continuously being...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

Briefs: EU Directive recognizes heat pumps as a renewable energy technology

On December 17, 2008, the European Parliament adopted the EU Directive on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. The final compromise text for the first time includes aerothermal and hydrothermal energy sources, effectively...

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

The challenges of vaccinating against rabies in hot countries

A large campaign of dog vaccination is currently being conducted in hot countries, raising the issue of the conservation temperature of vaccines.

• Publication date : 2018/03/07
• Subjects: Developing country

Pulse technology defrosts surfaces in seconds

A team of Japanese and American researchers is developing with a new, fast and efficient technology to defrost surfaces.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30

New energy saving defrost technology

A new technology which is claimed to save 1.94 billion € on supermarket refrigeration energy costs has been presented.

• Publication date : 2014/04/29

Frost detection and defrosting methods: latest advances

A recent Purdue conference paper presents the state of the art regarding methods for retarding the onset of frosting, frost detection techniques and defrosting strategies, including those based on artificial...

• Publication date : 2023/02/21

Creation of a cold-chain management degree

AgroParisTech, a French Institute of life and environmental sciences and industries, has just set up, in partnership with Cemafroid, a refrigeration transport testing organization based near Paris, a post-graduate Advanced Studies Certificate...

• Publication date : 2012/06/04

An integrated traceability system: the e-fruit system

In preparation for the General Food Law, the European Commission decided in 2001 to fund the e-fruitrace project, aimed at achieving food security in the EU through an efficient traceability system based on Internet technologies. With 200,000 euro...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration chooses CO2 to cool down a beer warehouse

Star Refrigeration, collective member of the IIR, recently published a case study about a CO2 solution used to cool down a beer warehouse.

• Publication date : 2019/06/28

Chilled processed food market in the Philippines

Chilled processed food sales grew by 4% in retail volume terms in 2012, while current value sales increased by 6%.

• Publication date : 2013/12/26
• Subjects: Figures, economy

International activities: Danske Køledage

Highlights of this year's annual conference of the Danish Refrigeration Association held in Odense on March 15-16, 2007 include: a comprehensive presentation of the IIR given by Prof. Joachim Paul, over 30 papers on a broad range of scientific...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Discover the 33rd IIR Informatory Note on "Cogeneration/Trigeneration"

This Informatory Note discusses the operating principles of cogeneration and trigeneration as well as their advantages and challenges.

• Publication date : 2017/01/17

The IIR supports operational and economic missions in Madagascar

IIR interventions and recommendations will focus on the mission’s aspects which are related to the food cold chain, including offshore fishery and continental aquaculture among others.

• Publication date : 2016/08/10

The Norwegian Royal Ambassy visit to INDEE+ educational unit in IIT Madras

To acknowledge the efforts of INDEE+, the Norwegian Ambassador Hans Jacob Frydenlund, Arvind Gopinath (Honorary Consul), Ms. Marit Marie Strand (Advisor), Mr. Vivek (Senior Advisor) and other team members...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28

The IIR brings you the highlights from refrigeration trade fair SIFA 2016

As an institutional partner, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) participated in the 2016 edition of the Interprofessional Refrigeration and its Applications Trade Show (SIFA) for the consecutive year.

• Publication date : 2016/09/28

New report ranks the IJR as a highly recognisable publication in the technical industry

Following a recent analysis released by Clarivate Analytics, the Impact Factor for the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) is now reported to be 3.177 for the year 2018. These results confirm that the IJR is still highly recognised within...

• Publication date : 2019/07/16

IIR member news: Cemafroid's experience in F-Gas certification recognized in Italy

Tecnea, majority shareholder in French company Cemafroid, benefactor member of the IIR, was recently accredited to grant certifications (certificates of competency) via its branch Tecnea Italia.

• Publication date : 2014/08/13
• Subjects: Regulation

Professional forums on cryo-sciences: Experts and young researchers alike

Although significant progress has been made in cold application in life sciences driven by new solutions in the production, storage and handling of bio-products along the entire production chain all the way up to the end-user, there are still many...

• Publication date : 2017/03/01

Statutory meetings of the IIR

The annual statutory meetings of the IIR took place on June 6-9, 2006, in the beautiful premises of the French Ministry of Research in Paris: the Publications Sub-Committee, the Management Committee, the Science and Technology Council and the...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Yokohama e yokoso !

From 16 to 22 August 2015, the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR), recognised internationally as a milestone refrigeration event, will bring together key refrigeration stakeholders from across the globe at the Pacifico Yokohama...

• Publication date : 2015/08/18

Now available: IIR Congress papers 2019

Download your copy of the ICR 2019 proceedings. Over 630 technical papers are available!

• Publication date : 2020/05/05

UK: IoR dinner 2020 and Judith Evans receives award

During the IoR annual dinner 2020, the IoR recognised the contributions of outstanding individuals to the UK refrigeration industry.Judith Evans was awarded ACR Woman of the Year 2020.

• Publication date : 2020/04/05

ICCC2022 - early bird rate ending soon

Only seven days left to take advantage of early bird rates for the 7th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain (ICCC 2022).

• Publication date : 2022/02/18
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment, HFCs alternatives

New IIR publication: Informatory Note

The IIR has published the 3rd Informatory Note on Refrigeration and Food "Temperature Indicators and Time-Temperature Integrators", written by Leif Bøgh-Sørensen, past President of IIR Commission C2, and Göran Löndahl, member of IIR Commission C2,...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

New publications: The French version of the Red Book

The French version of the Red Book (Recommendations for the Processing and Handling of Frozen Foods) is on sale! The 4th edition of this IIR reference publication - prepared by Mr Leif Bøgh-Sørensen and several international experts - gives an...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)