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Cold chain assessment: Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru 2014.
Design of net zero energy environmental engineering building in Peru.
2016 global cold storage capacity report.
Short vs. Long-Distance Avocado Supply Chains: Life Cycle Assessment Impact Associated to Transport and Effect of Fruit Origin and Supply Conditions Chain on Primary and Secondary Metabolites.
Maritime reefer trade in South America: a comparison of the west and east coasts.
La refrigeración en la cadena frigorifica alimentaria.
The role of refrigeration in the food cold chain.
IIR document
European community regulation on ozone depleting substances and related Italian legislation.
IARW global cold storage capacity report.
2014 IARW global cold storage capacity report.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
789 results
High-temperature Superconductivity
Groundbreaking findings on high-temperature superconductivity. A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with virtually no resistance. The phenomenon was discovered by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911 and takes place in certain metals...
A possible major step in the quest of room-temperature superconductivity
Two researcher teams have just reported experiments indicating that a hydride of lanthanum compressed to 1.7 to 1.85 million bar has a critical temperature of 250–260 K (-23 – -13°C).
PCMs to keep superchilled temperatures in consumer packages
Consumer packages may be placed at +15 °C for 25-40 min longer thanks to the PCM
Squid skin inspires research on next-generation space blanket
Next-generation space blankets could be made of a thermoregulatory material inspired by the functioning of squid skin, which changes color.
Europe: the proposal to review the F-Gas Regulation has been published, and the proposal to ban PFAS has been delayed.
At the beginning of April, the European Commission published a proposal to update the F-Gas Regulation . In addition, the proposed PFAS ban has been delayed for six months.
Supercooling and superchilling to increase the shelf life and reduce food waste
Superchilling and supercooling have enormous potential to enable safe, high quality and long term storage of foods without the consumer perceived detrimental effects of freezing.
EFSA publishes scientific opinion on meat cold storage and transportation temperature temperatures
According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), “meat can be transported at temperatures higher than the current maximum of 7°C.”
France: operators will have to inform their clients regarding the CO2 impact of each transport operation
Transport accounted for 33.7% of CO2 emissions in France in 2010, making the transport sector a major emitter of greenhouse gases. However, emissions vary according to the distance and the type of transport used. In order to promote the most...
Superconducting cable for urban electricity
Part of AmpaCity project, the 1km, 10 kV high temperature ceramic-based superconductive cable is the world’s longest and the first to have been integrated into an urban electricity grid in Essen, Germany.
Domestic refrigerator temperatures in Lebanon
A team of researchers from two major Lebanese Universities carried out a survey on the temperatures in domestic refrigerators and published the results in the International Journal of Refrigeration.
Road to COP28. Extending the temperature range and application for heat pumps
To promote decarbonation, “high temperature heat pumps should be designed using waste heat and renewables as a driving energy, and environmentally friendly working fluids”, according...
Cooling the world’s largest supercomputers
Direct liquid cooling is a highly energy-efficient solution for cooling supercomputers capable of performing millions or billions of billions of calculations per second. Here are two examples in the United States and France.
Reducing the environmental impact of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems
Ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration systems often use very high-GWP HFCs. Yet, ULT systems are excluded from the scope of the regulations aimed at phasing-down HFCs. An IJR paper reviews the most promising...
Cold temperatures, a potential ally against cancer
Exposure to cold temperatures can reduce tumour growth by slowing down the glucose metabolism of cancer cells.
Purdue conferences highlights: development of high-temperature heat pumps
High-temperature heat pumps are currently subject to intense R&D work, as illustrated by several papers presented at Purdue last year. All Purdue papers can now be downloaded from the Fridoc database.
IIR news
192 results
Conferences: Perugia
Solar Heating and Cooling, an IIR-co-sponsored event, was held in Perugia, Italy, on September 14, 2006: 106 participants from 12 countries attended and 40 papers covering many aspects of solar technology were presented.
The IIR website gets a makeover
After three years of existence, the home page of the IIR website has been modernised and its content made more visible. IIR projects are given a special place of honour, with detailed pages dedicated to each of...
Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?
If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.
New IIR Informatory Note on high-temperature heat pumps
IRR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that high-temperature heat pumps are a key technology in the decarbonisation of process industries.
European Food Survey to decarbonise industrial operations
The ENOUGH project invites European food operators to complete a short survey on the advancements and potential for achieving the net-zero emissions target.
Member news: Mirai Intex releases new high capacity ultra-low temperature refrigeration system
Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, has released a new ultra-low temperature (ULT) system based on air-cycle technology, offering high cooling capacity.
AGRI-COOL consortium meeting in Vicenza: First operational demonstrator commissioned
On 10–11 June 2025, the partners of the European AGRI-COOL project gathered in Vicenza, Italy, for the project’s annual consortium meeting, marking a key milestone: the commissioning of the very first fully...
Member news: Carrier launches a high-temperature heat pump with R290
Carrier introduces its first high-temperature air source heat pump designed for commercial applications, using R290 to enhance efficiency.
The IIR supports operational and economic missions in Madagascar
IIR interventions and recommendations will focus on the mission’s aspects which are related to the food cold chain, including offshore fishery and continental aquaculture among others.
Cryogenics and Low-Temperature Physics: New Horizons and Challenges
This Focus written by Ralf Herzog*, President of the IIR’s Cryophysics, Cryoengineering commission (Commission A1) for the Newsletter of the IIR is the third in a series of presentations of the activities and hot research topics handled by the...
Member news: Ultra-low temperatures. NIST creates a more efficient pulse-tube refrigerator prototype
American researchers have created a prototype pulse-tube refrigerator that significantly reduces the time and energy required to reach temperatures close to absolute zero: an exciting advance for the quantum...
Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany
Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.
Member news: GEA implements an innovative high-temperature heat pump at a Tiense Suiker production site
GEA has developed a high-temperature industrial heat pump utilising heat recovery, with reduced emissions.
Invitation: IIR Seminar on the "Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries"
The IIR is delighted to invite you to the IIR Seminar on the "Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries” and an IIR Working Group meeting on The Cold Chain in Hot Countries.
Download the IIR Seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries presentations
Recognising the social and economic importance of this issue on a global scale, the IIR organised a seminar on the Logistics For Transport Of Foodstuffs Under Controlled Temperatures In Hot Countries on October 25, 2016 in Tunis (Tunisia).
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
16 results
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Events
5 results
IIR event
1st IIR International Conference on Refrigeration Adapting to Rising Temperatures
August 10, 2025 - August 13, 2025
Manchester, United Kingdom
The International Institute of Refrigeration is proud to announce that the first IIR International Conference on Refrigeration Adapting to Rising Temperatures will take place in Manchester, UK on 10-13 August 2025.
Find out more
Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Submit your abstract by 29 May...
14th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
September 08, 2025 - September 10, 2025
London, United Kingdom
On September 8-10, 2025, the 13th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems of City University of London will provide a forum for debate on developments in air, gas and refrigeration...
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
