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  • Performance comparison of R1234yf and R134a

    A study published in Applied Thermal Engineering compares the performance of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf as drop-in alternative in automotive air conditioning systems.

    • Publication date : 2017/05/24
  • Nearly 500,000 German cars use 1234yf

    Despite some German opposition to the new car air conditioning refrigerant R1234yf, around 500,000 cars have already been registered in the country with this gas.

    • Publication date : 2015/09/18
  • HFO-1234yf news

    HFO-1234yf, developed by DuPont and Honeywell as a substitute for HFC-134a in mobile air-conditioning applications in response to EU 2006/40 Directive which bans the use of refrigerants with a GWP higher than 150 in new types of vehicles by...

    • Publication date : 2011/02/04
  • HFO-1234ze news

    On January 30, 2011, HFO-1234ze, was accepted for use in foam and aerosol applications by the US EPA. HFO-1234ze (GWP = 6) is already used in Europe and Japan in a variety of foam and aerosol applications.Klima-Therm and...

    • Publication date : 2011/06/08
  • Refrigerant news: HFO-1234yf

    The US EPA has proposed to list HFO-1234yf as an acceptable alternative refrigerant in mobile air-conditioning (MAC) systems. The proposed decision only applies to new MAC systems in passenger cars and trucks since EPA had previously determined...

    • Publication date : 2010/03/07
  • HFO1234ze prototypes finally released

    The prototype is said to be suitable for outdoor air-cooled chiller applications

    • Publication date : 2012/03/21
  • Launch of the first R1234ze free-cooling chillers

    The “first to market” TurboChill free cooling chillers using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant R1234ze are going to be launched.

    • Publication date : 2013/12/18
  • EPA permits R1234yf to be sold to US consumers

    As a result of a lawsuit brought by the AAIA and the ARPI, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a final rule that will permit R1234yf to be sold to US consumers.

    • Publication date : 2013/12/29
    • Subjects: Regulation
  • MAC: CO2 or HFO-1234yf?

    The SAE Alternate Refrigerant Symposium held in Phoenix, USA, on June 10-12, 2008, provided an opportunity for the various stakeholders of the global automotive industry to present their views regarding the next-generation refrigerant in mobile...

    • Publication date : 2008/08/12
  • Foam blowing agents: use of R1233zd(E) is expanding

    Honeywell announced that TCL, one of China’s largest appliance manufacturers, selected HFO1233zd(E) as foam blowing agent in its domestic refrigerators.

    • Publication date : 2017/12/18
  • European Commission questions Honeywell/DuPont R1234yf collaboration

    On October 21, 2014, the European Commission has sent a Statement of Objections to Honeywell and DuPont regarding cooperation on new refrigerant used in car air-conditioning systems.

    • Publication date : 2014/11/24
  • R1234yf tested for bus air conditioning

    Tests co-funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and run bus AC system company Hispacold suggest that HFO-1234yf is a near drop-in replacement refrigerant for HFC-134a in the tested Hispacold’s 12S roof top bus air-conditioning...

    • Publication date : 2011/12/30
  • European Commission investigates over R1234yf patents

    On December 16, 2011, the European Commission (EC) has "opened antitrust proceedings concerning agreements between Honeywell and DuPont" for the development of R1234yf for air-conditioning systems in cars. "

    • Publication date : 2012/02/27
  • First car models using HFO-1234yf

    During the recent Mobile Air Conditioning Society Worldwide convention and trade show in Las Vegas, USA, discussions focused on the vehicles will have the new HFO-1234yf refrigerant. It was revealed that one vehicle was already being sold with the...

    • Publication date : 2012/07/03
  • Briefs: HFO1234yf: results of SAE investigations

    The Society of Automobile Engineers (SAE) International Cooperative Research Program (CRP) presented its findings on the new alternative refrigerant for mobile air-conditioning systems HFO-1234yf. SAE is a global association of 115 000 engineers...

    • Publication date : 2009/02/25
  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
  • For IIR members only

    Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2022/10/12
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers