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Cold Storage. Released April 22, 2014, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).

• Author(s) : NASS
• Publication date: 2014/06/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Poultry, Potato, Butter, Meat, Frozen food, Vegetable, USA, Cold storage, Fruit juice, Fruit, Cheese
• Source: USDA

IIR document

Experimental assessment of a 18 kWh Latent Thermal Energy Storage for air conditioning and space cooling.

• Author(s) : RIGHETTI G., ZILIO C., FEO D., AUERBACH M., BUTTERS M., MANCIN S.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Changement d'état sous champ électrique statique (SEF) : cas de la cristallisation des lipides.

State change under static electric field (SEF): case of lipids crystallization.

• Author(s) : LE BAIL A., JHA P., XANTHAKIS E., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09
• Languages : French
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 104 - n. 1159

IIR document

Freezing of blocks of butter.

• Author(s) : NAHID A., BRONLUND J. E., CLELAND D. J., et al.
• Publication date: 2006/02/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Comparison, Butter, Measurement, Temperature, Modelling, Expérimentation, Freezing, Freezing time
• Source: Innovative Equipment and Systems for Comfort and Food Preservation.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Modelling the freezing of butter.

• Author(s) : NAHID A., BRONLUND J. E., CLELAND D. J., et al.
• Publication date: 2008/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Butter, Temperature, Simulation, Nucleation, Modelling, Crystallization, Freezing, Freezing time
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 31 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

The effect of refrigerated and frozen storage on butter flavour and texture.

• Author(s) : KRAUSE A. J., MIRACLE R. E., SANDERS T. H., et al.
• Publication date: 2008
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Butter, Texture, Flavour, Fresh produce, Frozen food, Modelling, Cold storage, Freezing
• Source: Egypt. J. Dairy Sci. - vol. 91 - n. 2

Modelling respiration in fresh-cut butter lettuce as a function of carbon dioxide, low and superatmospheric oxygen concentrations and temperature.

• Author(s) : GEYSEN S., ESCALONA V. H., VERLINDEN B. E., et al.
• Publication date: 2005/05/02
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on applications of modelling as an innovative technology in the agri-food chain. Model-IT 2005.

IIR document

RATES OF TEMPERATURE CHANGE IN REFRIGERATED AND IN VENTILATED COMMODITIES IN ISO CONTAINERS.

• Author(s) : HEAP R. D.
• Publication date: 1985/11/17
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Coffee, Butter, Meat, Ventilation, Refrigerated transport, Fish, Performance, Onion, Insulated container, Refrigerated container, Container, Fruit, Cheese
• Source: Technology advances in refrigerated storage and transport.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

REFRIGERATION AND WORLDWIDE FOOD ECONOMY.

• Author(s) : KAMINSKI W.
• Publication date: 1986/06/18
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Chilled food, Butter, Meat, Chilling, Banana, Statistics, Frozen food, Fish, Egg, World, Vegetable, Cold store, Freezing, Fruit
• Source: World Conference: Refrigeration for Development.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Innovative Equipment and Systems for Comfort and Food Preservation.

• Organiser : IIF-IIR, IRHACE, NZ National Committee of the IIR
• Publication date: 2006
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Refrigerating equipment, Industrial application, Household application, Food, Cold chain, Celery, Butter, Milk, Microbiology, Measurement, Mass transfer, Bread, Meat, Ventilation, Transport, Heat transfer, Display cabinet, Design, Chilling, Quality, Compression system, Adsorption system, Supermarket, Heat pump, Performance, Cascade system, Melon, Ethane, Cold storage, Solar energy, Insulation, Container, Freezing, Refrigerant, Thermal comfort, Air conditioning, Heating, CO2, Cold climate, Thermal energy storage
• Formats : PDF, CD-Rom

Occurrence and distribution of species of Enterobacteriaceae in selected Ethiopian traditional dairy products: a contribution to epidemiology.

• Author(s) : YILMA Z., FAYE B., LOISEAU G.
• Publication date: 2007/11
• Languages : English
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 18 - n. 11

Fraîcheur et assurance qualité chez Berglandmilch.

Freshness and quality assurance at Berglandmilch.

• Publication date: 2005/06
• Languages : French
• Source: HeatXchange - n. 7

IIR document

Shelf-life prediction for greenhouse lettuce.

• Author(s) : LIN W. C., HALL J. W.
• Publication date: 2000/10/19
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Cold storage.

• Author(s) : USDA, NASS
• Publication date: 2006/09/21
• Languages : English

IIR document

Predicting the thermal conductivity of low water-content foods.

• Author(s) : CARSON J. K., WANG J. F., NORTH M. F., et al.
• Publication date: 2011/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 23^rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Prague, Czech Republic, August 21-26, 2011. Overarching theme: Refrigeration for Sustainable Development.
• Formats : PDF

Cool like a butterfly wing

New study demonstrates that butterfly wings contain a network of living cells with specific thermodynamic and thermoregulatory properties. Butterfly wings cool down as a result of low solar absorption combined with efficient radiative heat...

• Publication date : 2020/02/28

Better air in planes - at last!

A series of technical changes is making it possible to improve the quality of cabin air in airplanes which until now has been invariably dry and poor in oxygen. The reason: the air was derived from the jet engines. This so-called "bleed air" is...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Solar panels and a "water battery" to provide chilled water for air conditioners in an Australian university

The University of the Sunshine Coast, in Australia, has announced plans to install a giant "water battery" run by 5,800 solar panels to provide chilled water for air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2018/07/09

A design for a liquid-nitrogen-powered vehicle engine could provide an alternative to batteries and fuel cells

The engine developed by Dearman Engine Company (DEC), which is driven by the pressure created as liquid nitrogen (LN2) returns to its gas form could provide a way of powering a vehicle without producing CO2 tailpipe emissions but with a longer...

• Publication date : 2012/03/26

Novel catalysts to address overheating in hypersonic aircraft

Researchers at Australia's RMIT University have developed 3D-printed catalysts to address the challenge of overheating in hypersonic aircraft and possibly other industrial...

• Publication date : 2021/10/22
• Subjects: Technology

Actions at European level to combat the illegal trade of HFCs

Various actions to tackle illegal imports of HFCs in the European Union are progressively being implemented: raising awareness of policy makers, good practice guidelines and a “single window” at the disposal of customs in particular.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

For IIR members only

Is super-cooling better than chilling for seafood products?

Super-cooled storage is a novel technique that better preserves the texture and freshness of fish and extends shelf life compared to chilling. 

• Publication date : 2024/02/29
• Subjects: Technology

Cryoextraction techniques for better tasting wine?

A recent study in Spain suggests that freezing white grapes using low temperatures in the winemaking process, produces wines that are more aromatic than wines produced with traditional...

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

A solar-plus-ice-battery-storage system at Palm Springs Cultural Center

Ice Energy and Horizon Solar Power have completed the installation of a solar-plus-ice-battery-storage system at Palm Springs Cultural Center in California.

• Publication date : 2017/04/18

Dynamic controlled atmosphere for better quality apples

Dynamic Controlled Atmosphere (DCA) appeared in Canada ten years ago where O2 rates are lowered to 0.5% thanks to a sophisticated system used to monitor fruit quality during the process.

• Publication date : 2014/03/21

The sharp increase in refrigeration needs should be better reflected in public policies

Recently released degree-day indicators confirm the steady progression of cooling needs compared to heating in the EU. Globally, energy consumption from refrigeration (including air...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: Environment

Brief: Tetrapack

Tetrapak has launched a low-temperature ice-cream innovation based on a unique cold-kneading freezing process that creates fine-structured ice cream of improved quality and paves the way to production of new and healthier products. The Hoyer...

• Publication date : 2006/05/05

News from the space: Hubble

Following repairs to its cooling system, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope is back in business, uncovering new worlds, peering deeper into space, and mapping the invisible backbone of the universe. The first images from the refurbished Hubble showcase...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

Refrigerated cheese vending machines in French cities

A local cheese dairy has installed refrigerated cheese vending machines in several towns in East Moselle, in the east of France.

• Publication date : 2021/02/19
• Subjects: General information

A sustainable refrigeration solution for the urban delivery market

A US company was awarded for refrigeration units using rechargeable batteries or solar panels to allow for a complete off-engine operation when vehicles are at delivery stops.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

IIR member subscription to the International Journal of Refrigeration just got better!

Since January 2017, not only will IIR members continue to receive the hard copy of the journal but IIR membership will now also give members access to the complete archives of the IJR online.

• Publication date : 2017/01/11

Have your say! Complete the survey on the future IIR website

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) will develop a new version of its website and requires your help in order to better meet your needs and offer you new content and services.

• Publication date : 2017/06/07

IJR print copies will be DISCONTINUED as from 2018

In order to better respect the environment and to offer new services, as from January 1, 2018, you will no longer automatically receive IJR print copies.

• Publication date : 2017/10/16

SophiA project: HKA Lab test progress

SophiA HKA (Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences) Lab test is intended to provide a better understanding of the cooling system in in different climate zones.

• Publication date : 2023/10/27

IIR Informatory Notes on refrigerants designed to meet the needs of decision-makers

"We felt it was important to draft a collection of Notes on the most appropriate actions to take in this field, designed to meet the needs of decision-makers in order to be better prepared for the upcoming deadlines."

• Publication date : 2016/03/15

Member news: Carrier Transicold's innovative electrical technologies for refrigerated transport

Carrier Transicold promotes a new all-electric and autonomous cooling system for semi-trailers that completes its 100% electric range. 

• Publication date : 2021/03/29

World Refrigeration Day 2021

A series of webinars focusing on the "Cool Careers" in refrigeration will be organised this year to celebrate World Refrigeration Day on June 26.

• Publication date : 2021/04/26
• Subjects: General information

World Refrigeration Day 2021 reaches every corner of the globe!

This year, seven organisations partnered with World Refrigeration Day to bring to the limelight the exciting career opportunities in fields relying on refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2021/09/08

News from IIR members

The IIAR has teamed up with RETA and IARW to produce a Training Guideline in order to make training more comprehensive and consistent. The guideline can be used to set up tailored training programmes. The aim is to enhance safety and operations...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

IGO meeting

The IIR is an intergovernmental organization based in Paris, like of course several agencies of the United Nations Organization or OECD, but also like other small specialized organizations: the European and Mediterranean Plant Protection...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

Star Refrigeration soon to hit US food firms with eco-friendly low-ammonia chillers and freezers

• Publication date : 2013/09/04

Newsletter survey: outcome

Many thanks to those of you - over 300 - who devoted a little time to answering the "Newsletter of the IIR …What do you think of it?" survey issued in Newsletter No. 19. A striking feature of this survey was the high level of satisfaction it...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

IIR publications

The IIR is preparing 4 new publications that will be available by the end of 2007: - a booklet entitled Refrigeration Drives Sustainable Development which is an update of the 2002 report Refrigeration Sector Achievements and Challenges prepared...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

IIR Committee meetings

- The Management Committee (MC) of the IIR, chaired by H. van der Ree, met at the head office of the IIR on November 6, 2004. The MC held a large strategic debate on the future, the position of the IIR and communication to be developed,...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

A new year is beginning. Perhaps it will be a difficult year because the economic crisis is far from over. A lot of challenges and maybe opportunities lie ahead, because the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector, which needs to address...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG