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Effect of cold maceration, stem return, re-heating and mannoprotein addition on colour stabilization of 'Pinot noir' wines.

• Author(s) : LA BARRA C. de, HACKL K., DÜRRSCHMID K., et al.
• Publication date: 2005
• Languages : English
• Source: Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg - vol. 55 - n. 5-6
• Formats : PDF

Situation report for the world vitivinicultural sector in 2002. World statistics./ Situation et statistiques du secteur vitivinicole mondiale en 2002.

• Author(s) : OIV, CASTELLUCCI F., AIGRAIN P., MAGALHAES V.
• Publication date: 2002
• Languages : German

Situation report for the world vitivinicultural sector in 2003. World statistics./ Situation du secteur vitivinicole mondial en 2003. Statistiques mondiales.

• Author(s) : OIV, CASTELLUCCI F., AIGRAIN P., MAGALHAES V.
• Publication date: 2006
• Languages : German

Situation report for the world vitivinicultural sector in 2004. World statistics./ Situation du secteur vitivinicole mondial en 2004. Statistiques mondiales.

• Author(s) : OIV, CASTELLUCCI F., AIGRAIN P., MAGALHAES V.
• Publication date: 2007
• Languages : German

Situation report for the world vitivinicultural sector in 2005. World statistics./ Situation du secteur vitivinicole mondial en 2005. Statistiques mondiales.

• Author(s) : OIV, CASTELLUCCI F., AIGRAIN P., MAGALHAES V.
• Publication date: 2008
• Languages : German

2006 World viticultural statistics. Situation report for the world vitivinicultural sector in 2006.

• Author(s) : OIV, CASTELLUCCI F., AIGRAIN P., MAGALHAES V.
• Publication date: 2009
• Languages : English

Weltstatistiken 2007. / World statistics 2007. / Estadísticas mundiales 2007. / Statistiques mondiales 2007. / Statistiche mondiale 2007.

• Author(s) : OIV, CASTELLUCCI F., AIGRAIN P., MAGALHAES V., et al.
• Publication date: 2010
• Languages : German

Solar refrigeration solution designed to support life on the moon

In 2012, the prestigious NASA Commercial Innovation of the Year was bestowed on a solar refrigeration solution designed to support life on the moon, but has huge application on Earth. With approximately 2 billion of Earth’s inhabitants without...

• Publication date : 2013/04/22

Briefs: Nitrogen blasting designed for beer shelf life boost

Vacuum Barrier Corp. has developed Nitrojetter technology, which reduces oxygen levels within carbonated beverages in order to extend shelf life without affecting taste or colour. Nitrojetter uses liquid nitrogen steam that is fired into the...

• Publication date : 2009/02/25

Cooling to heal

Therapeutic hypothermia cools the body of patients who have suffered brain damage to a moderate temperature (between 32°C and 34°C) in order to slow the deterioration process.

• Publication date : 2014/11/24

Is this the final run in the quest for the Higgs Boson?

In March 2012, physicists from Fermilab’s Tevatron collider near Chicago announced that data collected could suggest the existence of the Higgs boson. Furthermore, the results coincide with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) results released by CERN...

• Publication date : 2012/05/23

EIA points out the risks of illegal traffic of refrigerants

Five years after an initial report on the subject, EIA assesses that significant levels of refrigerant traffic persist in Europe, despite the worsening climate situation.

• Publication date : 2024/05/28

Thin Ice: the very first weight loss clothing line

According to its creator, refrigerated clothes 'hacks' human metabolism to trick the body into burning up to 1,000 extra calories a day.

• Publication date : 2015/09/07

Ratification of the European Standard EN 378: the IoR publishes a guidance note to highlight the significant changes.

What are the main differences between the EN 378:2008 and the EN 378:2016 "Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements" ? The Institute of Refrigeration answers through a four page Guidance Note.

• Publication date : 2017/01/19
• Subjects: Regulation

In UK, 70% of office workers complain of poor IAQ

Almost 70% of office workers in UK believe poor air quality in their place of work is having a negative effect on their day-to-day productivity and well-being.

• Publication date : 2016/09/05

An air-conditioned jogging track in a park in Qatar

A 50,000 m² park opened in Al Gharrafa, Qatar. It has the particularity of being equipped with a fully air-conditioned track for pedestrians and joggers. 

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

Leak detection thanks to thermal imaging cameras

Thermal imaging cameras can be specially designed for the detection of refrigerant gases.

• Publication date : 2014/04/14

A free guide for copper pipework support and routing

The IoR published a bulletin providing guidance on pipework support methods for copper pipework designed to contain refrigerant.

• Publication date : 2017/05/22

Data centre in Finland recovers waste heat

The companies Ericcson and Fortum signed an agreement to recover a data centre waste heat for district heating.

• Publication date : 2017/10/12

Cooling system for spacecraft entering the Martian atmosphere.

A team of scientists has designed a cooling system to avoid severe aerodynamic heating when spacecraft enter the Martian atmosphere.

• Publication date : 2017/02/20

Portable “mini-fridge” to maintain vaccine temperature.

A new system, called Isobar, is specifically designed to maintain stable temperature control between 2 and 8°C, up to 30 days.

• Publication date : 2017/02/13
• Subjects: Developing country

Novel energy-saving cryogenic equipment for walnut kernel peeling

In a recent study, a prototype cryogenic equipment was designed to peel walnut kernel more efficiently than by immersion in liquid nitrogen. 

• Publication date : 2021/04/28
• Subjects: Technology

Paris Agreement signed and the OEWG37 makes headway

Find out how the Paris Agreement, adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) and signed on 22 April 2016, and advancements at the 37th Meeting of the Open-ended Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (OEWG37) will impact the...

• Publication date : 2016/04/26

Are you signed up for IIR e-alerts?

New service offered on the IIR website! Now you can receive the latest refrigeration updates with our e-mail alerts.

• Publication date : 2013/10/22

IIR Informatory Notes on refrigerants designed to meet the needs of decision-makers

"We felt it was important to draft a collection of Notes on the most appropriate actions to take in this field, designed to meet the needs of decision-makers in order to be better prepared for the upcoming deadlines."

• Publication date : 2016/03/15

Join us on Facebook!

Don't miss a thing in the field of refrigeration; The IIR is now on Facebook.

• Publication date : 2017/09/19

In 2023, join the IIR!

The International Congress of Refrigeration will take place in August in Paris. Remember to take your 2023 membership as soon as possible to benefit from significant discounts when...

• Publication date : 2023/01/26

Join the ENOUGH project webinar!

Funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, the ENOUGH project aims to address and reduce emissions from the food sector. Join the project webinar on December 1.

• Publication date : 2022/11/24
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Training and courses: Accessible opportunities online

The IIR has taken care to provide you with an exclusive selection of digital training and course material on the main themes of HVACR, including a section dedicated to certification courses from reputable international organisations and companies...

• Publication date : 2017/10/03

The International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now accessible online

Previously only available in paper format and in just 5 languages, the complete version of the International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now accessible on our website.

• Publication date : 2015/09/23

The IIR at the refrigeration forefront of EU projects

Generally involved in the dissemination process, the IIR makes use of its network, activities and services to promote worldwide the research outcomes of the EU projects.

• Publication date : 2015/03/03

IIR to launch online Newsletter “IIR Refrigeration News”

With the aim of providing high quality and accurate news and information swiftly, the IIR will soon launch its online monthly newsletter “IIR Refrigeration News”.

• Publication date : 2018/03/19

ICR2023: ENOUGH, INDEE+ and SophiA conference papers are now online!

Download papers presented at ICR2023.

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

International Network for Women in Cooling Launches Online Platform to Connect Women Professionals Around the Globe

Paris, 11 May 2023 — Today, the International Network for Women in Cooling (INWIC) officially launched its web service, available at

• Publication date : 2023/05/11
• Subjects: General information

Join our training course and officially become a new Ambassador for clean cooling and heating!

Experts and representatives from three sister projects in different regions of the world: ENOUGH in Europe, INDEE+ in India and ACES in Africa are arranging a free one-hour training course on clean cooling and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Environment

Learn about the contribution of ammonia pioneers at the IOR historical talk on November 3

Travel back in time and find out more about the early pioneers of ammonia refrigeration at the Institute of Refrigeration's (IOR) historical TechTalk to be held online on November 3.

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Technology

IIR engages in COP13/MOP36 and COP29 to highlight the key role of sustainable refrigeration for all in handling climate change

Two major events in the fight against climate change and protecting the future of our planet, COP13/MOP36 and COP29, are held in October and November. The IIR is taking part in these United Nations conferences...

• Publication date : 2024/10/31
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment, General information

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information