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Investigations of Chinese cabbage cold storage chamber operation.
Development of multi-functional fresh-keeping device and experimentation of cabbage vacuum pre-cooling.
[In Chinese. / En chinois.]
La radiación UV-B estimula la biosíntesis de glucosinolatos en germinados de kale durante su conservación frigorífica.
UV-B radiation stimulates glucosinolate biosynthesis in kale sprouts during cold storage.
Efecto de la fermentación controlada y la aplicación de frio en la obtención de col ácida de alta calidad.
Effect of controlled fermentation and cooling on the processing of high quality acid cabbage.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Effect of different film packaging on the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage during cold storage.
IIR document
Effect of indirect ice slurry cooling, low temperature transportation and different retailing methods on the circulation quality of cauliflower.
Impact of thawing methods and packaging sizes on the physicochemical and microbial quality of frozen kimchi.
Impact of precooling strategies on microbial dynamics during cabbage kimchi fermentation.
Freshness prolongation of kimchi cabbage using plasma-nano particle humidifier during cold storage.
Numerical modelling of thermal processes in Chinese cabbage cold storage chamber using variable turbulence models.
Effects of forced-air precooling, low temperature transportation and different retailing methods on the quality of Chinese flowering cabbage.
Effects of pressure reduction rate and water replenishment on vacuum cooling of different parts of cai xin (Brassica rapa ssp. Parachinensis).
Application of single blow technique for heat transfer measurement in packed bed of vegetables
Numerical modelling of heat and mass transfer processes in chinese cabbage cold storage chamber.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
659 results
Netherlands: refrigeration accounts for 18% of total electricity consumption in the industrial sector
A study (1) by KWA Business Consultants on the annual energy consumption of refrigeration plants in various industrial and non-industrial sectors in The Netherlands was presented during ICR2011.
France: refrigeration (excluding air conditioning) accounts for almost 11% of electricity consumption
According to the CEREN, energy production in the refrigeration sector accounts for 52 TWh in total annual electric energy consumption:
China’s HFC emissions account for more than 20% of global emissions of these gases
According to a recent study, emissions from key refrigerants have sharply increased, highlighting the need for stronger regulatory measures.
Radiative cooling: smart materials to switch from heating to cooling
Researchers have developed a radiative thermal management device, composed of several layers of reflective/absorbent materials, capable of switching between heating and cooling...
State of play of district heating and cooling in Europe
District heating and cooling can represent an interesting opportunity as part of the decarbonisation of the heating and cooling sector. A study takes stock of existing networks...
5th generation district heating and cooling networks in Europe
A recent generation of district heating and cooling networks is developing in Europe, using low temperature renewable energy heat sources (such as shallow...
Smart standard for smart labels
There are currently no official standards to assess smart labels
District heating and cooling in Europe: the share of renewable energy
District heating and cooling networks continue to expand in Europe, further integrating renewables and waste heat sources.
Renewable energy consumption for heating and cooling in the EU
Over one fifth of energy used for heating and cooling from renewable sources in the EU.
A transcritical CO2 system efficient in hot countries
A transcritical CO2 refrigeration system was presented during the retail trade fair Euroshop 2017.
Kigali Amendment impact on global warming
The 8th Emissions Gap Report acknowledges the potential contribution short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) could make in the global effort to keep the planet’s warming well below 2 °C compared to pre-industrial levels.
Heat pumps : the core technology for sustainable heating
A recent report by the IEA highlights that heat pumps are essential to reducing the use of natural gas for heating, while improving energy security, reducing emissions and ensuring...
Cold storage of evergreen seedlings affected by global warming
Due to global warming, conifer seedlings are more often exposed to desiccation during snow-free winters. Overwinter cold storage allows to improve their survival, provided that...
A refrigerated bag to preserve vaccines in hot climates
An autonomous refrigerated bag is currently developed in Burkina Faso. It could preserve vaccines between 2 ans 8 °C.
Design and operation of district heating and cooling systems supplied by renewable energy sources
A report published by the European Commission analyses 8 efficient district heating and cooling systems in different Member States.
IIR news
142 results
IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events
IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events covering cutting edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues; from cold chain sustainability to new refrigeration technologies.
EU project ENOUGH offers PhD scholarship at CNR-ITC in Padova (Italy)
A PhD scholarship will be offered as part of the Horizon 2020 project ENOUGH. The European project will aim to provide technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU Farm to Fork strategy to achieve...
The First Students and Researchers Network!
During the Prague congress, a great turn-out of 70 young researchers of over 20 different nationalities met face to face with 30 leading experts in various fields of refrigeration.
Discover the winners of the IIR Young Researchers’ Awards 2023
Every four years at its Congress, the IIR offers a series of Young Researchers’ Awards to pay tribute to the work carried out by young researchers in the field of refrigeration. Discover this year’s...
Sustainable cooling and heating in India: IIR partners in new INDEE3 project
The INDEE3 project aims to support India’s transition to low-carbon heating and cooling technologies. It promotes the use of natural refrigerants, improves refrigerant lifecycle management, and develops more...
Professional forums on cryo-sciences: Experts and young researchers alike
Although significant progress has been made in cold application in life sciences driven by new solutions in the production, storage and handling of bio-products along the entire production chain all the way up to the end-user, there are still many...
Cooling Without Warming: Energy-Efficient Heat Pumps and Air Conditioning
As Europe accelerates its transition toward a climate-neutral economy, the role of heating and cooling technologies has become central to achieving the objectives of the European Green Deal and...
Member news: Danfoss hosts global leaders in sustainable heating & cooling
In April, Danfoss hosted a week dedicated to sustainable heating and cooling. The second day featured Danfoss RACHP Symposium, where IIR Director General Yosr Allouche delivered a keynote presentation,...
Invitation to join the IIR working group: Solid-state cooling and heating
Established last year, this latest IIR working group aims to promote international research collaboration to provide energy efficient and environmentally friendly solutions for a variety of solid-state...
New IIR Working Group on Solid-State Cooling and Heating
Initiated by Andrej Kitanovski (Slovenia), this working group's first objective is to promote international research collaboration in the areas of solid-state cooling, heat pumps, and energy...
Join our training course and officially become a new Ambassador for clean cooling and heating!
Experts and representatives from three sister projects in different regions of the world: ENOUGH in Europe, INDEE+ in India and ACES in Africa are arranging a free one-hour training course on clean cooling and...
Register for Free: 51st International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition
This event brings together representatives from all professions involved in the planning, construction and installation of energy systems in buildings.
Highlights from the 52nd International HVACR Congress and Exhibition
The opening ceremony of the 52nd International HVACR Congress and Exhibition was led by the President of the Association for HVAC and by the Vice President of the Serbian Union of Mechanical and...
Webinar: The role of sustainable cooling technologies in the fight against climate change (in English and Italian)
A webinar on "The role of sustainable cooling technologies in the fight against climate change", organized with Italy and IRENA, will take place on December 10 at 11:30 am (Paris time).
New IIR Informatory Note on Air-source heat pumps for space heating and cooling
The IIR has issued a new Informatory Note on Air source heat pumps for space heating and cooling. A summary for policymakers and a Chinese version of this note have also been published.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
12 results
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
